---
title: Psalms 41:3 (JPS 1917) — The LORD preserve him, and keep him alive, let him be called happy i… · tree and pragmatics
description: The LORD preserve him, and keep him alive, let him be called happy in the land; and deliver not Thou him unto the greed of his enemies. Who acts: LORD, David, Thou. Psalms 41:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 41:3 · JPS 1917

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The LORD preserve him, and keep him alive, let him be called happy in the land; and deliver not Thou him unto the greed of his enemies.

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**Who acts:** LORD, David, Thou · **What happens:** preserve, keep, let, call, not deliver · **To what, where:** David, land · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Psalms 41:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, David, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:676
# text = The LORD preserve him, and keep him alive, let him be called happy in the land; and deliver not Thou him unto the greed of his enemies.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	preserve	preserve	VERB	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	keep	keep	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	xcomp	_	_
15	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	deliver	deliver	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
22	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
23	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	nsubj	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
25	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	greed	greed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp, act=request, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preserve** | infinitive | the LORD |  | David |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **keep** | infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | David |  |  |  | alive *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **let** | infinitive | the LORD *not said here* | David |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **call** | infinitive · passive | David *not said here* |  |  | the land |  | happy *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V» |
| 5 | **not** **deliver** | infinitive | Thou | David |  |  |  | unto the greed of LORD's enemies | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יְהוָ֤ה ׀ יִשְׁמְרֵ֣הוּ וִֽ֭יחַיֵּהוּ וְאֻשַּׁ֣ר בָּאָ֑רֶץ וְאַֽל־תִּ֝תְּנֵ֗הוּ בְּנֶ֣פֶשׁ אֹיְבָֽיו׃

[Psalms 41:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.41.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:676` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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