---
title: Psalms 41:10 (JPS 1917) — Yea, mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, who did eat of my… · tree and pragmatics
description: Yea, mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, who did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me. Who acts: I, own familiar friend. Psalms 41:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 41:10 · JPS 1917

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Yea, mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, who did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me.

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**Who acts:** I, own familiar friend · **What happens:** trust, eat, lift up · **To what, where:** heel

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This is Psalms 41:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, own familiar friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:683
# text = Yea, mine own familiar friend, in whom I trusted, who did eat of my bread, hath lifted up his heel against me.
1	Yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	21	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	mine	mine	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
4	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	familiar	familiar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	trusted	trust	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
14	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	heel	heel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	against	against	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trust** | past | I |  |  |  |  | in mine own familiar friend | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **eat** | past · do-support |  |  |  |  |  | of my bread | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of bread=Source |
| 3 | **lift up** | present · perfect | mine own familiar friend | friend's heel |  |  |  | against me | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent heel=Theme against i=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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גַּם־אִ֤ישׁ שְׁלוֹמִ֨י ׀ אֲשֶׁר־בָּטַ֣חְתִּי ב֭וֹאוֹכֵ֣ל לַחְמִ֑י הִגְדִּ֖יל עָלַ֣י עָקֵֽב׃

[Psalms 41:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.41.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:683` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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