---
title: Psalms 46:4 (JPS 1917) — Though the waters thereof roar and foam, though the mountains shake… · tree and pragmatics
description: Though the waters thereof roar and foam, though the mountains shake at the swelling thereof. Who acts: waters, mountains. Psalms 46:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 46:4 · JPS 1917

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Though the waters thereof roar and foam, though the mountains shake at the swelling thereof.

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**Who acts:** waters, mountains · **What happens:** roar, foam, shake

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This is Psalms 46:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (waters, mountains), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:762
# text = Though the waters thereof roar and foam, though the mountains shake at the swelling thereof.
1	Though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	roar	roar	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	foam	foam	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	shake	shake	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	swelling	swelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roar** | present | the waters |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **foam** | present | the waters *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **shake** | present | the mountains |  |  |  |  | at the swelling | vn body\_internal\_states-40.6 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer at swelling=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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יֶהֱמ֣וּ יֶחְמְר֣וּ מֵימָ֑יו יִֽרְעֲשֽׁוּ־הָרִ֖ים בְּגַאֲוָת֣וֹ סֶֽלָה׃

[Psalms 46:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.46.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:762` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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