---
title: Psalms 49:14 (JPS 1917) — This is the way of them that are foolish, and of those who after the… · tree and pragmatics
description: This is the way of them that are foolish, and of those who after them approve their sayings. Who acts: This, way, beasts. Psalms 49:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 49:14 · JPS 1917

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This is the way of them that are foolish, and of those who after them approve their sayings.

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**Who acts:** This, way, beasts · **What happens:** be, approve, say · **To what, where:** way, sayings · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Psalms 49:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, way, beasts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:809
# text = This is the way of them that are foolish, and of those who after them approve their sayings.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	foolish	foolish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl:relcl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	those	those	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	conj	_	_
14	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
15	after	after	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
17	approve	approve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	sayings	saying	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | the way |  |  |  | of beasts *= beast* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the way |  |  |  |  | foolish *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **approve** | present |  | beasts's sayings |  |  | after beasts *= beast* |  | vn allow-64.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saying=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **say** |  | beasts *= beast* |  |  |  |  |  | nom saying «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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זֶ֣ה דַ֭רְכָּם כֵּ֣סֶל לָ֑מוֹ וְאַחֲרֵיהֶ֓ם ׀ בְּפִיהֶ֖ם יִרְצ֣וּ סֶֽלָה׃

[Psalms 49:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.49.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:809` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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