---
title: Psalms 51:10 (JPS 1917) — Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which Thou hast cru… · tree and pragmatics
description: Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which Thou hast crushed may rejoice. Who acts: you, me, Thou, bones. Psalms 51:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 51:10 · JPS 1917

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Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which Thou hast crushed may rejoice.

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**Who acts:** you, me, Thou, bones · **What happens:** make, hear, crush, rejoice · **To what, where:** me, joy, bones

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This is Psalms 51:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, me, Thou, bones), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:851
# text = Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which Thou hast crushed may rejoice.
1	Make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
5	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	gladness	gladness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obj	_	_
13	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	15	nsubj	_	_
14	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	rejoice	rejoice	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | imperative | you *not said here* | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | to-infinitive | me *not said here* | joy and gladness |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer joy=Stimulus |
| 3 | **crush** | present · perfect | Thou | the bones |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Patient |
| 4 | **rejoice** | may | the bones |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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תַּ֭שְׁמִיעֵנִי שָׂשׂ֣וֹן וְשִׂמְחָ֑ה תָּ֝גֵ֗לְנָה עֲצָמ֥וֹת דִּכִּֽיתָ׃

[Psalms 51:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.51.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:851` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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