---
title: Psalms 8:3 (JPS 1917) — Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength, because of Thine adversaries; that Thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger. Who acts: Thou. Psalms 8:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 8:3 · JPS 1917

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Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength, because of Thine adversaries; that Thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger.

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**Who acts:** Thou · **What happens:** found, still · **To what, where:** strength, mouth

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This is Psalms 8:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:87
# text = Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast Thou founded strength, because of Thine adversaries; that Thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger.
1	Out	out	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	babes	babe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sucklings	suckling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	_
9	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	11	nsubj	_	_
11	founded	found	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
12	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	17	case	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	fixed	_	_
16	Thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	adversaries	adversary	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
20	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	21	nsubj	_	_
21	mightest	might	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
22	still	still	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
23	the	still	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
24	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	avenger	avenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **found** | present · perfect | Thou | strength |  | the mouth of babes and sucklings |  | because Thine adversaries | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Patient |
| 2 | **still** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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מִפִּ֤י עֽוֹלְלִ֨ים ׀ וְֽיֹנְקִים֮ יִסַּ֪דְתָּ֫ עֹ֥ז לְמַ֥עַן צוֹרְרֶ֑יךָ לְהַשְׁבִּ֥ית א֝וֹיֵ֗ב וּמִתְנַקֵּֽם׃

[Psalms 8:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.8.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:87` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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