---
title: Psalms 55:16 (JPS 1917) — May He incite death against them, let them go down alive into the ne… · tree and pragmatics
description: May He incite death against them, let them go down alive into the nether-world; for evil is in their dwelling, and within them. Who acts: God, walls, evil. Psalms 55:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 55:16 · JPS 1917

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May He incite death against them, let them go down alive into the nether-world; for evil is in their dwelling, and within them.

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**Who acts:** God, walls, evil · **What happens:** incite, let, go down, be · **To what, where:** death, walls, nether world, dwelling

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This is Psalms 55:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, walls, evil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:907
# text = May He incite death against them, let them go down alive into the nether-world; for evil is in their dwelling, and within them.
1	May	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	incite	incite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	down	down	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	nether	nether	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	_
17	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
20	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	advcl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	within	within	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	conj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=imp, act=request, voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **incite** | may | God | death |  |  |  | against walls *= wall* | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition death=Patient |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive |  | walls *= wall* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **go down** | infinitive | walls *= wall* *not said here* |  |  | the nether world |  | alive, down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **is** | present | evil |  |  | walls's dwelling |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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יַשִּׁ֤י מָ֨וֶת ׀ עָלֵ֗ימוֹ יֵרְד֣וּ שְׁא֣וֹל חַיִּ֑ים כִּֽי־רָע֖וֹת בִּמְגוּרָ֣ם בְּקִרְבָּֽם׃

[Psalms 55:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.55.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:907` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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