---
title: Psalms 56:3 (JPS 1917) — They that lie in wait for me would swallow me up all the day; for th… · tree and pragmatics
description: They that lie in wait for me would swallow me up all the day; for they are many that fight against me, O Most High, Who acts: Philistines. Psalms 56:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 56:3 · JPS 1917

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They that lie in wait for me would swallow me up all the day; for they are many that fight against me, O Most High,

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**Who acts:** Philistines · **What happens:** lie, swallow up, be, fight · **To what, where:** wait, me

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This is Psalms 56:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:919
# text = They that lie in wait for me would swallow me up all the day; for they are many that fight against me, O Most High,
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	wait	wait	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	swallow	swallow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
12	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	14	det:predet	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	fight	fight	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	against	against	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	27	discourse	_	_
26	Most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	27	advmod	_	_
27	High	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	vocative	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present |  | wait |  |  |  | for me | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wait=Theme |
| 2 | **swallow up** | would | Philistines | me |  |  | day |  | vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | Philistines |  |  |  |  | many *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **fight** | present |  |  |  |  |  | against me | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שָׁאֲפ֣וּ שׁ֭וֹרְרַי כָּל־הַיּ֑וֹם כִּֽי־רַבִּ֨ים לֹחֲמִ֖ים לִ֣י מָרֽוֹם׃

[Psalms 56:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.56.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:919` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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