---
title: Psalms 58:8 (JPS 1917) — Let them melt away as water that runneth apace; when he aimeth his a… · tree and pragmatics
description: Let them melt away as water that runneth apace; when he aimeth his arrows, let them be as though they were cut off. Who acts: you, teeth, water, LORD. Psalms 58:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 58:8 · JPS 1917

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Let them melt away as water that runneth apace; when he aimeth his arrows, let them be as though they were cut off.

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**Who acts:** you, teeth, water, LORD · **What happens:** let, melt away, run, aim, cut off · **To what, where:** teeth, arrows

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This is Psalms 58:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, teeth, water, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:953
# text = Let them melt away as water that runneth apace; when he aimeth his arrows, let them be as though they were cut off.
1	Let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	melt	melt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	xcomp	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	runneth	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	apace	apace	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	13	mark	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	aimeth	aim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
17	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	though	though	SCONJ	IN	_	20	fixed	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux:pass	_	_
24	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	advcl	_	_
25	off	off	ADP	RP	_	24	compound:prt	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | teeth *= tooth* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **melt away** | infinitive | teeth *= tooth* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as water; away *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **run** | present | water |  |  |  |  | apace *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **aim** | present | LORD | LORD's arrows |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot arrow=Theme |
| 5 | **let** | infinitive |  | teeth *= tooth* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 6 | **cut off** | past · passive |  | teeth *= tooth* |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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יִמָּאֲס֣וּ כְמוֹ־מַ֭יִם יִתְהַלְּכוּ־לָ֑מוֹ יִדְרֹ֥ךְ חִ֝צָּ֗יו כְּמ֣וֹ יִתְמֹלָֽלוּ׃

[Psalms 58:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.58.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:953` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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