---
title: Psalms 59:4 (JPS 1917) — For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul; the impudent gather themselve… · tree and pragmatics
description: For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul; the impudent gather themselves together against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD. Who acts: men, impudent, my. Psalms 59:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Psalms 59:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul; the impudent gather themselves together against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** men, impudent, my · **What happens:** lie, gather, transgress · **To what, where:** wait, men

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Psalms 59:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, impudent, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:PSA:962
# text = For, lo, they lie in wait for my soul; the impudent gather themselves together against me; not for my transgression, nor for my sin, O LORD.
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	6	discourse	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	wait	wait	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	impudent	impudent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	nsubj	_	_
15	gather	gather	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
16	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	15	obj	_	_
17	together	together	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
18	against	against	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	transgression	transgression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	29	cc	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	sin	sin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	32	discourse	_	_
32	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	vocative	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: express
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=express, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | present | men *= man* |  |  | wait |  | for my soul; LORD *vocative* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wait=Location |
| 2 | **gather** | present | the impudent | men *= man* |  |  |  | against me; for my transgression nor my sin; together *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme for transgression=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **transgress** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom transgression «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּ֤י הִנֵּ֪ה אָֽרְב֡וּ לְנַפְשִׁ֗י יָג֣וּרוּ עָלַ֣י עַזִ֑ים לֹא־פִשְׁעִ֖י וְלֹא־חַטָּאתִ֣י יְהוָֽה׃

[Psalms 59:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/PSA.59.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:PSA:962` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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