---
title: Ruth 1:12 (JPS 1917) — If I should say: I have hope, should I even have an husband to-night… · tree and pragmatics
description: If I should say: I have hope, should I even have an husband to-night, and also bear sons; Who acts: I. Ruth 1:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.14/)

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# Ruth 1:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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If I should say: I have hope, should I even have an husband to-night, and also bear sons;

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** say, have, bear · **To what, where:** hope, husband, sons · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ruth 1:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:14
# text = If I should say: I have hope, should I even have an husband to-night, and also bear sons;
1	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
8	hope	hope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	even	even	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	husband	husband	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	_
18	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	also	also	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	bear	bear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
23	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen* | should | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** | present | I | hope |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hope=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | should | I | a husband |  |  | night |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent husband=Patient |
| 4 | **bear** | infinitive | I *not said here* | sons |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
שֹׁ֤בְנָה בְנֹתַי֙ לֵ֔כְןָ כִּ֥י זָקַ֖נְתִּי מִהְי֣וֹת לְאִ֑ישׁ כִּ֤י אָמַ֙רְתִּי֙ יֶשׁ־לִ֣י תִקְוָ֔ה גַּ֣ם הָיִ֤יתִי הַלַּ֙יְלָה֙ לְאִ֔ישׁ וְגַ֖ם יָלַ֥דְתִּי בָנִֽים׃

[Ruth 1:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.12/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [Turn back, my daughters, go your way; for I am too old to have a husband.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.13/)
2. **If I should say: I have hope, should I even have an husband to-night, and also bear sons;**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:14` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ruth 1:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.13/)
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