---
title: Ruth 1:15 (JPS 1917) — And she said: 'Behold, thy sister-in-law is gone back unto her peopl… · tree and pragmatics
description: And she said: 'Behold, thy sister-in-law is gone back unto her people, and unto her god; return thou after thy sister-in-law.' Who acts: Ruth, sister. Ruth 1:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ruth 1:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And she said: 'Behold, thy sister-in-law is gone back unto her people, and unto her god; return thou after thy sister-in-law.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ruth, sister · **What happens:** say, go back, return · **To what, where:** thou · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ruth 1:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ruth, sister), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:17
# text = And she said: 'Behold, thy sister-in-law is gone back unto her people, and unto her god; return thou after thy sister-in-law.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
6	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	15	discourse	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	_
13	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	ccomp	_	_
16	back	back	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	god	god	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
27	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	obj	_	_
28	after	after	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	34	punct	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	32	punct	_	_
34	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=decl, act=assert, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ruth |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go back** | present · passive | thy sister in law |  |  |  |  | unto Ruth's people and Ruth's god | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **return** | infinitive |  | thou |  |  | after thy sister in law |  | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה֙ שָׁ֣בָה יְבִמְתֵּ֔ךְ אֶל־עַמָּ֖הּ וְאֶל־אֱלֹהֶ֑יהָ שׁ֖וּבִי אַחֲרֵ֥י יְבִמְתֵּֽךְ׃

[Ruth 1:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:17` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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