---
title: Ruth 1:19 (JPS 1917) — And it came to pass, when they were come to Beth-lehem, that all the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it came to pass, when they were come to Beth-lehem, that all the city was astir concerning them, and the women said: 'Is this Naomi?' Who acts: city, women, this. Ruth 1:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ruth 1:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it came to pass, when they were come to Beth-lehem, that all the city was astir concerning them, and the women said: 'Is this Naomi?'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** city, women, this · **What happens:** come, pass, be, say · **To what, where:** death, aught, Beth lehem, Naomi · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ruth 1:19 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, women, this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:22
# text = And it came to pass, when they were come to Beth-lehem, that all the city was astir concerning them, and the women said: 'Is this Naomi?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	10	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	_
14	lehem	lehem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	19	det:predet	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	astir	astir	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
22	concerning	concern	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
28	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
29	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	_
31	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
32	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	33	nsubj	_	_
33	Naomi	Naomi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	ccomp	_	_
34	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	_
35	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator, form=decl, act=narrate

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past |  | death |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pass** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past · passive |  | aught | Beth lehem |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | past | all city |  |  |  |  | concern aught; astir *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the women |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **is a** | present | this | Naomi |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתֵּלַ֣כְנָה שְׁתֵּיהֶ֔ם עַד־בֹּאָ֖נָה בֵּ֣ית לָ֑חֶם בֵּ֣ית לָ֑חֶם וַיְהִ֗י כְּבֹאָ֙נָה֙ בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם בֵּ֣ית לֶ֔חֶם וַתֵּהֹ֤ם כָּל־הָעִיר֙ עֲלֵיהֶ֔ן וַתֹּאמַ֖רְנָה הֲזֹ֥את נָעֳמִֽי׃

[Ruth 1:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.19/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [So they two went until they came to Beth-lehem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.21/)
2. **And it came to pass, when they were come to Beth-lehem, that all the city was astir concerning them, and the women said: 'Is this Naomi?'**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:22` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ruth 1:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.21/)
- next →: [Ruth 1:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.23/)
- ↑ back to [Ruth 1:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.19/)