--- title: Ruth 1:21 (JPS 1917) — I went out full, and the LORD hath brought me back home empty; why c… · tree and pragmatics description: I went out full, and the LORD hath brought me back home empty; why call ye me Naomi, seeing the LORD hath testified against me, and the Almighty hath afflicted me?' Who acts: I, LORD, ye, Almighty. Ruth 1:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Ruth](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT/1/) / [1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.21/) / JPS 1 # Ruth 1:21 · JPS 1917 I went out full, and the LORD hath brought me back home empty; why call ye me Naomi, seeing the LORD hath testified against me, and the Almighty hath afflicted me?' **Who acts:** I, LORD, ye, Almighty · **What happens:** go out, bring back, call, see, testify, afflict · **To what, where:** me · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Ruth 1:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, LORD, ye, Almighty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:RUT:24 # text = I went out full, and the LORD hath brought me back home empty; why call ye me Naomi, seeing the LORD hath testified against me, and the Almighty hath afflicted me?' 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 out out ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 4 full full ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 brought bring VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 conj _ _ 11 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ _ 12 back back ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 13 home home ADV RB _ 10 advmod _ _ 14 empty empty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 xcomp _ _ 15 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 16 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 17 advmod _ _ 17 call call VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 18 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nsubj _ _ 19 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ _ 20 Naomi Naomi PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 xcomp _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 22 seeing see VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 17 advcl _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 25 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux _ _ 26 testified testify VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 22 ccomp _ _ 27 against against ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 28 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 30 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 Almighty almighty PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ _ 33 hath have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 afflicted afflict VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 26 conj _ _ 35 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 obj _ _ 36 ? ? PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ 37 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: express - voice: character - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed form=decl, act=express, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go out** | past | I | | | | | full, out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **bring back** | present · perfect | the LORD | | me | | | empty, home *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument i=Destination | | 3 | **call** | infinitive | ye | | me | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent i=Recipient | | 4 | **see** | gerund | ye *not said here* | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **testify** *speech: other* | present · perfect | the LORD | | | | | against me | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **afflict** | present · perfect | the Almighty | me | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אֲנִי֙ מְלֵאָ֣ה הָלַ֔כְתִּי וְרֵיקָ֖ם הֱשִׁיבַ֣נִי יְהוָ֑ה לָ֣מָּה תִקְרֶ֤אנָה לִי֙ נָעֳמִ֔י וַֽיהוָה֙ עָ֣נָה בִ֔י וְשַׁדַּ֖י הֵ֥רַֽעלִֽי׃ [Ruth 1:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.21/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:24` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Ruth 1:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.23/) - next →: [Ruth 1:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.25/) - ↑ back to [Ruth 1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.1.21/)