---
title: Ruth 2:19 (JPS 1917) — And her mother-in-law said unto her: 'Where hast thou gleaned to-day… · tree and pragmatics
description: And her mother-in-law said unto her: 'Where hast thou gleaned to-day? and where wroughtest thou? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee.' And she told her mother-in-law with whom she had wrought, and said: 'The man's name with whom I wrought to-day is Boaz.' Who acts: mother, thou, I, name. R
---

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# Ruth 2:19 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And her mother-in-law said unto her: 'Where hast thou gleaned to-day? and where wroughtest thou? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee.' And she told her mother-in-law with whom she had wrought, and said: 'The man's name with whom I wrought to-day is Boaz.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** mother, thou, I, name, man · **What happens:** say, glean, wrought, bless, take, tell · **To what, where:** man, knowledge, mother, Boaz · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ruth 2:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, thou, I, name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:45
# text = And her mother-in-law said unto her: 'Where hast thou gleaned to-day? and where wroughtest thou? blessed be he that did take knowledge of thee.' And she told her mother-in-law with whom she had wrought, and said: 'The man's name with whom I wrought to-day is Boaz.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
2	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	_
7	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
12	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
13	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	16	advmod	_	_
14	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	16	nsubj	_	_
16	gleaned	glean	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	23	advmod	_	_
23	wroughtest	wrought	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	conj	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nsubj	_	_
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
26	blessed	bless	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	ccomp	_	_
27	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	aux:pass	_	_
28	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
29	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	31	nsubj	_	_
30	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	28	acl:relcl	_	_
32	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
33	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
36	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
37	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
39	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
40	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	45	punct	_	_
43	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	43	punct	_	_
45	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nmod	_	_
46	with	with	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	50	obl	_	_
48	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
49	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
50	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	41	acl:relcl	_	_
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	conj	_	_
54	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	68	punct	_	_
55	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	68	punct	_	_
56	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
57	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	nmod:poss	_	_
58	's	's	PART	POS	_	57	case	_	_
59	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	68	nsubj	_	_
60	with	with	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
61	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	63	obl	_	_
62	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	63	nsubj	_	_
63	wrought	wrought	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	59	acl:relcl	_	_
64	to	to	ADP	IN	_	66	case	_	_
65	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	64	punct	_	_
66	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	63	obl:unmarked	_	_
67	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	68	cop	_	_
68	Boaz	Boaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	53	ccomp	_	_
69	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
70	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: wh-question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Boaz's mother in law |  |  |  |  | unto Boaz | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **glean** | present · perfect | thou |  |  |  | day |  | vn learn-14-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wrought** | participle | thou |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **bless** | infinitive · passive |  | man |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **take** | past · do-support |  | knowledge of thee |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent knowledge=Theme |
| 6 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | mother |  | Boaz's mother |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mother=Recipient |
| 7 | **wrought** | past · perfect | mother |  |  |  |  | with Boaz's mother | tree rules |
| 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | mother *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **wrought** | past | I |  |  |  | day | with the man's name | tree rules |
| 10 | **is a** | present | the man's name | Boaz |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 11 | **name** |  | the man |  |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתֹּאמֶר֩ לָ֨הּ חֲמוֹתָ֜הּ אֵיפֹ֨ה לִקַּ֤טְתְּ הַיּוֹם֙ וְאָ֣נָה עָשִׂ֔ית יְהִ֥י מַכִּירֵ֖ךְ בָּר֑וּךְ וַתַּגֵּ֣ד לַחֲמוֹתָ֗הּ אֵ֤ת אֲשֶׁר־עָשְׂתָה֙ עִמּ֔וֹ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר שֵׁ֤ם הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשִׂ֧יתִי עִמּ֛וֹ הַיּ֖וֹם בֹּֽעַז׃

[Ruth 2:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.2.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:45` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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