---
title: Ruth 3:14 (JPS 1917) — And she lay at his feet until the morning; and she rose up before on… · tree and pragmatics
description: And she lay at his feet until the morning; and she rose up before one could discern another. Who acts: mother, one. Ruth 3:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ruth 3:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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And she lay at his feet until the morning; and she rose up before one could discern another.

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**Who acts:** mother, one · **What happens:** lie, rise up, discern · **To what, where:** feet, another

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This is Ruth 3:14 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mother, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:64
# text = And she lay at his feet until the morning; and she rose up before one could discern another.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	discern	discern	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
19	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	18	obj	_	_
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | mother |  |  | man's feet | morning |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at foot=Location |
| 2 | **rise up** | past | mother |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **discern** | could | one | another |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer another=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתִּשְׁכַּ֤ב מַרְגְּלוֹתָיוֹ֙עַד־הַבֹּ֔קֶר וַתָּ֕קָם בְּטֶ֛רֶם יַכִּ֥יר אִ֖ישׁ אֶת־רֵעֵ֑הוּ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אַל־יִוָּדַ֔ע כִּי־בָ֥אָה הָאִשָּׁ֖ה הַגֹּֽרֶן׃

[Ruth 3:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.3.14/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **And she lay at his feet until the morning; and she rose up before one could discern another.**
2. [For he said: 'Let it not be known that the woman came to the threshing-floor.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/RUT.65/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:64` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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