---
title: Ruth 4:2 (JPS 1917) — And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said: 'Sit ye dow… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said: 'Sit ye down here.' And they sat down. Who acts: kinsman, ye, men. Ruth 4:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ruth 4:2 · JPS 1917

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And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said: 'Sit ye down here.' And they sat down.

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**Who acts:** kinsman, ye, men · **What happens:** take, say, sit down · **To what, where:** ten men · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ruth 4:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kinsman, ye, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:71
# text = And he took ten men of the elders of the city, and said: 'Sit ye down here.' And they sat down.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Sit	sit	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	14	ccomp	_	_
18	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
19	down	down	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
20	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
22	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
23	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
26	down	down	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | kinsman |  | ten men of the elders of the city |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument man=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | kinsman *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **sit down** | infinitive | ye |  |  | here |  | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sit down** | past | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּקַּ֞ח עֲשָׂרָ֧ה אֲנָשִׁ֛ים מִזִּקְנֵ֥י הָעִ֖יר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שְׁבוּ־פֹ֑ה וַיֵּשֵֽׁבוּ׃

[Ruth 4:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:71` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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