---
title: Ruth 4:10 (JPS 1917) — Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I acquired to… · tree and pragmatics
description: Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I acquired to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place; ye are witnesses this day.' Who acts: Ruth, ye, Mahlon. Ruth 4:10 i
---

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# Ruth 4:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I acquired to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place; ye are witnesses this day.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ruth, ye, Mahlon · **What happens:** acquire, be, raise up, not cut off, name, inherit · **To what, where:** wife, name, inheritance, brethren, witnesses, dead

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ruth 4:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ruth, ye, Mahlon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:RUT:80
# text = Moreover Ruth the Moabitess, the wife of Mahlon, have I acquired to be my wife, to raise up the name of the dead upon his inheritance, that the name of the dead be not cut off from among his brethren, and from the gate of his place; ye are witnesses this day.'
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
2	Ruth	Ruth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Moabitess	Moabitess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Mahlon	Mahlon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	acquired	acquire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	cop	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	xcomp	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	raise	raise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	advcl	_	_
21	up	up	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	dead	dead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	inheritance	inheritance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
31	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	dead	dead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	39	aux:pass	_	_
38	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	39	advmod	_	_
39	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	advcl	_	_
40	off	off	ADP	RP	_	39	compound:prt	_	_
41	from	from	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	among	among	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
47	from	from	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
52	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
53	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	56	punct	_	_
54	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	56	nsubj	_	_
55	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	56	cop	_	_
56	witnesses	witness	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	parataxis	_	_
57	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	58	det	_	_
58	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	56	obl:unmarked	_	_
59	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
60	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **acquire** | present · perfect | Ruth |  |  |  |  | moreover *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Ruth *not said here* | my wife |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **raise up** | to-infinitive | Ruth *not said here* | the name of the dead |  | Mahlon's inheritance |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent name=Theme upon inheritance=Destination |
| 4 | **not** **cut off** | infinitive · passive |  | the name of the dead |  | Mahlon's brethren and the gate of Mahlon's place |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme from brethren=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **is a** | present | ye | witnesses |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **name** |  |  | the dead |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **inherit** |  | Mahlon |  |  |  |  |  | nom inheritance «act transitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **name** |  |  | the dead |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְגַ֣ם אֶת־ר֣וּת הַמֹּאֲבִיָּה֩ אֵ֨שֶׁת מַחְל֜וֹן קָנִ֧יתִי לִ֣י לְאִשָּׁ֗ה לְהָקִ֤ים שֵׁם־הַמֵּת֙ עַל־נַ֣חֲלָת֔וֹ וְלֹא־יִכָּרֵ֧ת שֵׁם־הַמֵּ֛ת מֵעִ֥ם אֶחָ֖יו וּמִשַּׁ֣עַר מְקוֹמ֑וֹ עֵדִ֥ים אַתֶּ֖ם הַיּֽוֹם׃

[Ruth 4:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/RUT.4.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:RUT:80` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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