---
title: Song of Songs 1:16 (JPS 1917) — Behold, thou art fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant; also our couch is… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, thou art fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant; also our couch is leafy. Who acts: thou, couch. Song of Songs 1:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Song of Songs 1:16 · JPS 1917

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Behold, thou art fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant; also our couch is leafy.

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**Who acts:** thou, couch · **What happens:** be

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This is Song of Songs 1:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, couch), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:SNG:15
# text = Behold, thou art fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant; also our couch is leafy.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	beloved	beloved	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	vocative	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	12	discourse	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	pleasant	pleasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
14	also	also	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
15	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	couch	couch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	leafy	leafy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=evaluate

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | thou |  |  |  |  | my beloved *vocative*; fair *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | thou *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | our couch |  |  |  |  | leafy *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הִנְּךָ֨יָפֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ אַ֣ף נָעִ֔ים אַף־עַרְשֵׂ֖נוּ רַעֲנָנָֽה׃

[Song of Songs 1:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.1.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:SNG:15` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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