---
title: Song of Songs 2:17 (JPS 1917) — Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of spices. Who acts: day, shadows, you, thou. Song of Songs 2:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Song of Songs 2:17 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of spices.

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**Who acts:** day, shadows, you, thou · **What happens:** breathe, flee away, turn, be

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This is Song of Songs 2:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (day, shadows, you, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:SNG:35
# text = Until the day breathe, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be thou like a gazelle or a young hart upon the mountains of spices.
1	Until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	breathe	breathe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	advcl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shadows	shadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	flee	flee	VERB	VBP	Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	turn	turn	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	beloved	beloved	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	vocative	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
19	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nsubj	_	_
20	like	like	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	gazelle	gazelle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	hart	hart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	_
27	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	mountains	mountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	spices	spice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | present | the day |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **flee away** | present | the shadows |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | my beloved *vocative* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | infinitive | thou |  |  |  |  | like a gazelle or a young hart; upon the mountains of spices | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
עַ֤ד שֶׁיָּפ֙וּחַ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וְנָ֖סוּ הַצְּלָלִ֑ים סֹב֩ דְּמֵה־לְךָ֨דוֹדִ֜י לִצְבִ֗י א֛וֹ לְעֹ֥פֶר הָאַיָּלִ֖ים עַל־הָ֥רֵי בָֽתֶר׃ס

[Song of Songs 2:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.2.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:SNG:35` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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