---
title: Song of Songs 4:1 (JPS 1917) — Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thine eyes ar… · tree and pragmatics
description: Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thine eyes are as doves behind thy veil; thy hair is as a flock of goats, that trail down from mount Gilead. Who acts: thou, eyes, hair, flock. Song of Songs 4:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Song of Songs 4:1 · JPS 1917

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Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thine eyes are as doves behind thy veil; thy hair is as a flock of goats, that trail down from mount Gilead.

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**Who acts:** thou, eyes, hair, flock, my · **What happens:** be, trail down, love · **To what, where:** veil, mount Gilead

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This is Song of Songs 4:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, eyes, hair, flock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:SNG:47
# text = Behold, thou art fair, my love; behold, thou art fair; thine eyes are as doves behind thy veil; thy hair is as a flock of goats, that trail down from mount Gilead.
1	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
4	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	vocative	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	nsubj	_	_
13	art	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
16	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
18	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	doves	dove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	parataxis	_	_
21	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	veil	veil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
25	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
28	as	as	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	nmod	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	nsubj	_	_
35	trail	trail	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
36	down	down	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
37	from	from	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	mount	mount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	_
39	Gilead	Gilead	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=evaluate

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | thou |  |  |  |  | my love *vocative*; fair *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | thou |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | thine eyes |  |  | thy veil |  | as doves | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | thy hair |  |  |  |  | as a flock; of goats | tree rules |
| 5 | **trail down** | present | a flock |  |  | mount Gilead |  | down *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent from gilead=Trajectory |
| 6 | **love** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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הִנָּ֨ךְ יָפָ֤ה רַעְיָתִי֙ הִנָּ֣ךְ יָפָ֔ה עֵינַ֣יִךְ יוֹנִ֔ים מִבַּ֖עַד לְצַמָּתֵ֑ךְ שַׂעְרֵךְ֙ כְּעֵ֣דֶר הָֽעִזִּ֔ים שֶׁגָּלְשׁ֖וּ מֵהַ֥ר גִּלְעָֽד׃

[Song of Songs 4:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/SNG.4.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:SNG:47` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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