--- title: 1 Kings 1:3 — So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the borders of Israe… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the borders of Israel, and found Abishag the Shunammite, and brought her to the king. Who acts: servants. 1 Kings 1:3 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/1/) / 1:3 # 1 Kings 1:3 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** servants · **What happens:** seek, find, bring · **To what, where:** borders, Abishag, king This is 1 Kings 1:3 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants — and what happens in the verse to borders, Abishag, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ נַעֲרָ֣ה יָפָ֔ה בְּכֹ֖ל גְּב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽיִּמְצְא֗וּ אֶת־אֲבִישַׁג֙ הַשּׁ֣וּנַמִּ֔ית וַיָּבִ֥אוּ אֹתָ֖הּ לַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the borders of Israel, and found Abishag the Shunammite, and brought her to the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.2/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:2 # text = וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ נַעֲרָ֣ה יָפָ֔ה בְּכֹ֖ל גְּב֣וּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַֽיִּמְצְא֗וּ אֶת־אֲבִישַׁג֙ הַשּׁ֣וּנַמִּ֔ית וַיָּבִ֥אוּ אֹתָ֖הּ לַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 1KI.1.3 1-2 וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:3!1|MId=o110010030011|Strong=2050b 2 יְבַקְשׁוּ֙ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.sought|Ref=1KI_1:3!1|MId=o110010030012|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:110010020031;A1:110010030021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 נַעֲרָ֣ה נַעֲרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=a.young.woman|Ref=1KI_1:3!2|MId=o110010030021|Strong=5291 4 יָפָ֔ה יָפֶה ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 amod _ Gloss=beautiful|Ref=1KI_1:3!3|MId=o110010030031|Strong=3303|Type=adjective 5-6 בְּכֹ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_1:3!4|MId=o110010030041|Strong=0871a 6 כֹ֖ל כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_1:3!4|MId=o110010030042|Strong=3605 7 גְּב֣וּל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.territory|Ref=1KI_1:3!5|MId=o110010030051|Strong=1366 8 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1KI_1:3!6|MId=o110010030061|Strong=3478 9-10 וַֽיִּמְצְא֗וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:3!7|MId=o110010030071|Strong=2050b 10 יִּמְצְא֗וּ מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.found|Ref=1KI_1:3!7|MId=o110010030072|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:110010020031;A1:110010030091;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_1:3!8|MId=o110010030081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 12 אֲבִישַׁג֙ אֲבִישַׁג PROPN _ _ 10 obj _ Gloss=Abishag|Ref=1KI_1:3!9|MId=o110010030091|Strong=0049 13-14 הַשּׁ֣וּנַמִּ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_1:3!10|MId=o110010030101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 שּׁ֣וּנַמִּ֔ית שׁוּנַמִּי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=Shunammite|Ref=1KI_1:3!10|MId=o110010030102|Strong=7767|Type=gentilic 15-16 וַיָּבִ֥אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:3!11|MId=o110010030111|Strong=2050b 16 יָּבִ֥אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought|Ref=1KI_1:3!11|MId=o110010030112|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:110010020031;A0:110010030122;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 אֹתָ֖הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_1:3!12|MId=o110010030121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 ָ֖הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=her|Ref=1KI_1:3!12|MId=o110010030122|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 19-21 לַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_1:3!13|MId=o110010030131|Strong=3807a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_1:3!13|MId=o110010030131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=1KI_1:3!13|MId=o110010030132|Strong=4428 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=1KI_1:3!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְבַקְשׁוּ *they sought* | wayyiqtol · piel | | נַעֲרָה *a young woman* | | | | יִּמְצְאוּ *they found* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֲבִישַׁג *Abishag* | | | | יָּבִאוּ *they brought* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ָהּ *her* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּבְעוּ עוּלֶמְתָּא שַׁפִּירְתָּא בְּכֹל תְּחוֹם אַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְאַשְׁכָּחוּ יַת אֲבִישַׁג דְמִן שׁוּנֵם וְאַיְתִיאוּ יָתָהּ לְמַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So they sought for a fair damsel throughout all the borders of Israel, and found Abishag the Shunammite, and brought her to the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.2/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:2`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 1:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.2/) - next →: [1 Kings 1:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.4/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/1/)