--- title: 1 Kings 1:41 — And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating. And when Joab heard the sound of the horn, he said: 'Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?' Who acts: guests, Adonijah, people, Joab. 1 Kings 1:41 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targ --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/1/) / 1:41 # 1 Kings 1:41 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** guests, Adonijah, people, Joab, city · **What happens:** be, hear, make, say · **To what, where:** earth, end, sound, noise, uproar · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 1:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — guests, Adonijah, people, Joab, city — and what happens in the verse to earth, end, sound, noise, uproar, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֲדֹנִיָּ֗הוּ וְכָל־הַקְּרֻאִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וְהֵ֖ם כִּלּ֣וּ לֶאֱכֹ֑ל וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע יוֹאָב֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מַדּ֥וּעַ קֽוֹל־הַקִּרְיָ֖ה הוֹמָֽה׃ [And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.42/) [And when Joab heard the sound of the horn, he said: 'Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.43/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:40 # text = וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע אֲדֹנִיָּ֗הוּ וְכָל־הַקְּרֻאִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וְהֵ֖ם כִּלּ֣וּ לֶאֱכֹ֑ל וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע יוֹאָב֙ אֶת־ק֣וֹל הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מַדּ֥וּעַ קֽוֹל־הַקִּרְיָ֖ה הוֹמָֽה׃ # verse = 1KI.1.41 1-2 וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:41!1|MId=o110010410011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁמַ֣ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.heard|Ref=1KI_1:41!1|MId=o110010410012|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110010410021;110010410042;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֲדֹנִיָּ֗הוּ אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Adonijah|Ref=1KI_1:41!2|MId=o110010410021|Strong=0138a 4-5 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:41!3|MId=o110010410031|Strong=2050b 5 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_1:41!3|MId=o110010410032|Strong=3605 6-7 הַקְּרֻאִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=[those|Ref=1KI_1:41!4|MId=o110010410041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 קְּרֻאִים֙ קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=who.were].invited|Ref=1KI_1:41!4|MId=o110010410042|Strong=7121|Type=participle_passive 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=1KI_1:41!5|MId=o110010410051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9-10 אִתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[were].with|Ref=1KI_1:41!6|MId=o110010410061|Strong=0854 10 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_1:41!6|MId=o110010410062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְהֵ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:41!7|MId=o110010410071|Strong=2050b 12 הֵ֖ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1KI_1:41!7|MId=o110010410072|Strong=1992|Type=personal 13 כִּלּ֣וּ כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.had.finished|Ref=1KI_1:41!8|MId=o110010410081|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:110010410072;|Type=qatal 14-15 לֶאֱכֹ֑ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_1:41!9|MId=o110010410091|Strong=3807a 15 אֱכֹ֑ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 13 xcomp _ Gloss=eat|Ref=1KI_1:41!9|MId=o110010410092|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:110010410021;110010410042;|Type=infinitive_construct 16-17 וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:41!10|MId=o110010410101|Strong=2050b 17 יִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.heard|Ref=1KI_1:41!10|MId=o110010410102|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110010410111;A1:110010410131;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 יוֹאָב֙ יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 17 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=1KI_1:41!11|MId=o110010410111|Strong=3097 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_1:41!12|MId=o110010410121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 20 ק֣וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=the.sound|Ref=1KI_1:41!13|MId=o110010410131|Strong=6963 21-22 הַשּׁוֹפָ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_1:41!14|MId=o110010410141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 שּׁוֹפָ֔ר שֹׁופָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.ram's.horn|Ref=1KI_1:41!14|MId=o110010410142|Strong=7782 23-24 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_1:41!15|MId=o110010410151|Strong=2050b 24 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_1:41!15|MId=o110010410152|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110010410111;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 מַדּ֥וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 29 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=1KI_1:41!16|MId=o110010410161|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 26 קֽוֹל־ קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=[is].the.sound|Ref=1KI_1:41!17|MId=o110010410171|Strong=6963|SpaceAfter=No 27-28 הַקִּרְיָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_1:41!18|MId=o110010410181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 קִּרְיָ֖ה קִרְיָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.town|Ref=1KI_1:41!18|MId=o110010410182|Strong=7151 29 הוֹמָֽה הָמָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 24 ccomp _ Gloss=in.an.uproar|Ref=1KI_1:41!19|MId=o110010410191|Strong=1993|Frame=A0:110010410171;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1KI_1:41!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁמַע *he heard* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ *Adonijah* + קְּרֻאִים *who were\] invited* | | | | | כִּלּוּ *they had finished* | qatal · piel | הֵם *they* | | | | | אֱכֹל *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | אֲדֹנִיָּהוּ *Adonijah* + קְּרֻאִים *who were\] invited* | | | | | יִּשְׁמַע *he heard* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | קוֹל *the sound* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | הוֹמָֽה *in an uproar* | participle active · qal | קֽוֹל־ *\[is\] the sound* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁמַע אֲדֹנִיָה וְכָל זַמִינַיָא דִי עִמֵיהּ וְאִינוּן סַפִּיקוּ לְמֵיכַל וּשְׁמַע יוֹאָב יַת קַל שׁוֹפָרָא וַאֲמַר מָא דֵין קַל קַרְתָּא אִשְׁתַּגֵישַׁת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Adonijah and all the guests that were with him heard it as they had made an end of eating.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.42/) 2. [And when Joab heard the sound of the horn, he said: 'Wherefore is this noise of the city being in an uproar?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.43/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:40`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 1:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.40/) - next →: [1 Kings 1:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.1.42/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/1/)