--- title: 1 Kings 10:19 — There were six steps to the throne, and the top of the throne was ro… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: There were six steps to the throne, and the top of the throne was round behind; and there were arms on either side by the place of the seat, and two lions standing beside the arms. Who acts: six steps, top, arms, two lions. 1 Kings 10:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.10.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/10/) / 10:19 # 1 Kings 10:19 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** six steps, top, arms, two lions · **What happens:** be, stand · **To what, where:** arms This is 1 Kings 10:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — six steps, top, arms, two lions — and what happens in the verse to arms, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. שֵׁ֧שׁ מַעֲל֣וֹת לַכִּסֵּ֗ה וְרֹאשׁ־עָגֹ֤ל לַכִּסֵּה֙ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֔יו וְיָדֹ֛ת מִזֶּ֥ה וּמִזֶּ֖ה אֶל־מְק֣וֹם הַשָּׁ֑בֶת וּשְׁנַ֣יִם אֲרָי֔וֹת עֹמְדִ֖ים אֵ֥צֶל הַיָּדֽוֹת׃ [There were six steps to the throne, and the top of the throne was round behind; and there were arms on either side by the place of the seat, and two lions standing beside the arms.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.398/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:380 # text = שֵׁ֧שׁ מַעֲל֣וֹת לַכִּסֵּ֗ה וְרֹאשׁ־עָגֹ֤ל לַכִּסֵּה֙ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֔יו וְיָדֹ֛ת מִזֶּ֥ה וּמִזֶּ֖ה אֶל־מְק֣וֹם הַשָּׁ֑בֶת וּשְׁנַ֣יִם אֲרָי֔וֹת עֹמְדִ֖ים אֵ֥צֶל הַיָּדֽוֹת׃ # verse = 1KI.10.19 1 שֵׁ֧שׁ שֵׁשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nummod _ Gloss=six|Ref=1KI_10:19!1|MId=o110100190011|Strong=8337|Type=cardinal_number 2 מַעֲל֣וֹת מַעֲלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ Gloss=steps|Ref=1KI_10:19!2|MId=o110100190021|Strong=4609 3-5 לַכִּסֵּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=1KI_10:19!3|MId=o110100190031|Strong=3807a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_10:19!3|MId=o110100190031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 כִּסֵּ֗ה כִּסֵּא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=throne|Ref=1KI_10:19!3|MId=o110100190032|Strong=3678 6-7 וְרֹאשׁ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_10:19!4|MId=o110100190041|Strong=2050b 7 רֹאשׁ־ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=a.top|Ref=1KI_10:19!4|MId=o110100190042|Strong=7218 8 עָגֹ֤ל עָגֹל ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 amod _ Gloss=round|Ref=1KI_10:19!5|MId=o110100190051|Strong=5696|Type=adjective 9-11 לַכִּסֵּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=[belonged].to|Ref=1KI_10:19!6|MId=o110100190061|Strong=3807a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_10:19!6|MId=o110100190061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 כִּסֵּה֙ כִּסֵּא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 conj _ Gloss=throne|Ref=1KI_10:19!6|MId=o110100190062|Strong=3678 12-14 מֵאַֽחֲרָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=(from)|Ref=1KI_10:19!7|MId=o110100190071|Strong=4480 13 אַֽחֲרָ֔י אַחַר ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=behind|Ref=1KI_10:19!7|MId=o110100190072|Strong=0310 14 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1KI_10:19!7|MId=o110100190073|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וְיָדֹ֛ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_10:19!8|MId=o110100190081|Strong=2050b 16 יָדֹ֛ת יָד NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ Gloss=hands|Ref=1KI_10:19!8|MId=o110100190082|Strong=3027 17-18 מִזֶּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_10:19!9|MId=o110100190091|Strong=4480 18 זֶּ֥ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 5 conj _ Gloss=this|Ref=1KI_10:19!9|MId=o110100190092|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 19-21 וּמִזֶּ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_10:19!10|MId=o110100190101|Strong=2050b 20 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_10:19!10|MId=o110100190102|Strong=4480 21 זֶּ֖ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 18 conj _ Gloss=this|Ref=1KI_10:19!10|MId=o110100190103|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 22 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[were].to|Ref=1KI_10:19!11|MId=o110100190111|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 23 מְק֣וֹם מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.place|Ref=1KI_10:19!12|MId=o110100190121|Strong=4725 24-25 הַשָּׁ֑בֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_10:19!13|MId=o110100190131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 שָּׁ֑בֶת שֶׁבֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.sitting|Ref=1KI_10:19!13|MId=o110100190132|Strong=7675 26-27 וּשְׁנַ֣יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_10:19!14|MId=o110100190141|Strong=2050b 27 שְׁנַ֣יִם שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 28 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=1KI_10:19!14|MId=o110100190142|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 28 אֲרָי֔וֹת אֲרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ Gloss=lions|Ref=1KI_10:19!15|MId=o110100190151|Strong=0738 29 עֹמְדִ֖ים עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=[were].standing|Ref=1KI_10:19!16|MId=o110100190161|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:110100190151;|Type=participle_active 30 אֵ֥צֶל אֵצֶל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=beside|Ref=1KI_10:19!17|MId=o110100190171|Strong=0681 31-32 הַיָּדֽוֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_10:19!18|MId=o110100190181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 יָּדֽוֹת יָד NOUN _ Number=Plur 29 obl _ Gloss=hands|Ref=1KI_10:19!18|MId=o110100190182|Strong=3027 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1KI_10:19!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹמְדִים *\[were\] standing* | participle active · qal | אֲרָיוֹת *lions* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} שִׁיתָּא דַרְגִין לְכוּרְסַיָא וְרֵישׁ סְגַלְגַל לְכוּרְסַיָא מֵאַחֲרוֹהִי וְאַשְׁדָתָא מִכָּא וּמִכָּא עַל אֲתַר מוֹתָבָא וּתְרֵין אַרְיְוָן קַיְמִין בִּסְטַר אַשְׁדָתָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [There were six steps to the throne, and the top of the throne was round behind; and there were arms on either side by the place of the seat, and two lions standing beside the arms.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.398/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:380`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 10:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.10.18/) - next →: [1 Kings 10:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.10.20/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/10/)