--- title: 1 Kings 12:11 — And now whereas my father did burden you with a heavy yoke, I will a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And now whereas my father did burden you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.' Who acts: father, I. 1 Kings 12:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/12/) / 12:11 # 1 Kings 12:11 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** father, I · **What happens:** burden, add, chastise · **To what, where:** you This is 1 Kings 12:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — father, I — and what happens in the verse to you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְעַתָּ֗ה אָבִי֙ הֶעְמִ֤יס עֲלֵיכֶם֙ עֹ֣ל כָּבֵ֔ד וַאֲנִ֖י אוֹסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃ [And now whereas my father did burden you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.462/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:444 # text = וְעַתָּ֗ה אָבִי֙ הֶעְמִ֤יס עֲלֵיכֶם֙ עֹ֣ל כָּבֵ֔ד וַאֲנִ֖י אוֹסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃ # verse = 1KI.12.11 1-2 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_12:11!1|MId=o110120110011|Strong=2050b 2 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=1KI_12:11!1|MId=o110120110012|Strong=6258 3-4 אָבִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1KI_12:11!2|MId=o110120110021|Strong=0001 4 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_12:11!2|MId=o110120110022|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 5 הֶעְמִ֤יס עָמַס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.loaded|Ref=1KI_12:11!3|MId=o110120110031|Strong=6006|Frame=AA:110120110021;A0:110120110051;|Type=qatal 6-7 עֲלֵיכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_12:11!4|MId=o110120110041|Strong=5921 7 כֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_12:11!4|MId=o110120110042|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 8 עֹ֣ל עֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obj _ Gloss=a.yoke|Ref=1KI_12:11!5|MId=o110120110051|Strong=5923 9 כָּבֵ֔ד כָּבֵד ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 amod _ Gloss=heavy|Ref=1KI_12:11!6|MId=o110120110061|Strong=3515|Type=adjective 10-11 וַאֲנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_12:11!7|MId=o110120110071|Strong=2050b 11 אֲנִ֖י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_12:11!7|MId=o110120110072|Strong=0589|Type=personal 12 אוֹסִ֣יף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 5 conj _ Gloss=I.will.add|Ref=1KI_12:11!8|MId=o110120110081|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:110120110072;|Type=yiqtol 13 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_12:11!9|MId=o110120110091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 עֻלְּכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 עֻלּ עֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=yoke|Ref=1KI_12:11!10|MId=o110120110101|Strong=5923 15 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_12:11!10|MId=o110120110102|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 16-17 אָבִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1KI_12:11!11|MId=o110120110111|Strong=0001 17 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_12:11!11|MId=o110120110112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 18 יִסַּ֤ר יָסַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=he.disciplined|Ref=1KI_12:11!12|MId=o110120110121|Strong=3256|Frame=A0:110120110111;A1:110120110132;|Type=qatal 19-20 אֶתְכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_12:11!13|MId=o110120110131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 20 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_12:11!13|MId=o110120110132|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 21-23 בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_12:11!14|MId=o110120110141|Strong=0871a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_12:11!14|MId=o110120110141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 שּׁוֹטִ֔ים שׁוֹט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=whips|Ref=1KI_12:11!14|MId=o110120110142|Strong=7752 24-25 וַאֲנִ֕י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_12:11!15|MId=o110120110151|Strong=2050b 25 אֲנִ֕י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_12:11!15|MId=o110120110152|Strong=0589|Type=personal 26 אֲיַסֵּ֥ר יָסַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 18 conj _ Gloss=I.will.discipline|Ref=1KI_12:11!16|MId=o110120110161|Strong=3256|Frame=A0:110120110152;A1:110120110172;|Type=yiqtol 27-28 אֶתְכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_12:11!17|MId=o110120110171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 28 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_12:11!17|MId=o110120110172|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 29-31 בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_12:11!18|MId=o110120110181|Strong=0871a 30 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_12:11!18|MId=o110120110181ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 עַקְרַבִּֽים עַקְרָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 obl _ Gloss=scorpions|Ref=1KI_12:11!18|MId=o110120110182|Strong=6137 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1KI_12:11!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הֶעְמִיס *he loaded* | qatal · hiphil | עֹל *a yoke* | | | אָב *father* | | אוֹסִיף *I will add* | yiqtol · hiphil | אֲנִי *I* | | | | | יִסַּר *he disciplined* | qatal · piel | אָב *father* | ְכֶם *you* | | | | אֲיַסֵּר *I will discipline* | yiqtol · piel | אֲנִי *I* | ְכֶם *you* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּכְעַן אַבָּא רְמָא עֲלֵיכוֹן נִיר תַּקִיף וַאֲנָא אוֹסִיף עַל נִירֵכוֹן אַבָּא רְדָא יַתְכוֹן בְּשַׁרְבִיטִין וַאֲנָא אֶרְדֵי יַתְכוֹן בְּמַרְגְנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And now whereas my father did burden you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.462/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:444`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 12:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.10/) - next →: [1 Kings 12:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.12/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/12/)