--- title: 1 Kings 12:14 — and spoke to them after the counsel of the young men, saying: 'My fa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and spoke to them after the counsel of the young men, saying: 'My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.' Who acts: father, I. 1 Kings 12:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/12/) / 12:14 # 1 Kings 12:14 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** father, I · **What happens:** speak, say, make, add, chastise · **To what, where:** people, yoke, you · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 12:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — father, I — and what happens in the verse to people, yoke, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כַּעֲצַ֤ת הַיְלָדִים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָבִי֙ הִכְבִּ֣יד אֶֽת־עֻלְּכֶ֔ם וַאֲנִ֖י אֹסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃ [and spoke to them after the counsel of the young men, saying: 'My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.465/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:447 # text = וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם כַּעֲצַ֤ת הַיְלָדִים֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָבִי֙ הִכְבִּ֣יד אֶֽת־עֻלְּכֶ֔ם וַאֲנִ֖י אֹסִ֣יף עַֽל־עֻלְּכֶ֑ם אָבִ֗י יִסַּ֤ר אֶתְכֶם֙ בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים וַאֲנִ֕י אֲיַסֵּ֥ר אֶתְכֶ֖ם בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים׃ # verse = 1KI.12.14 1-2 וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_12:14!1|MId=o110120140011|Strong=2050b 2 יְדַבֵּ֣ר דָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.spoke|Ref=1KI_12:14!1|MId=o110120140012|Strong=1696|Frame=A0:110120130022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_12:14!2|MId=o110120140021|Strong=0413 4 הֶ֗ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1KI_12:14!2|MId=o110120140022|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 5-6 כַּעֲצַ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=according|Ref=1KI_12:14!3|MId=o110120140031|Strong=3509a 6 עֲצַ֤ת עֵצָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=to.the.counsel|Ref=1KI_12:14!3|MId=o110120140032|Strong=6098 7-8 הַיְלָדִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_12:14!4|MId=o110120140041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יְלָדִים֙ יֶלֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.young.men|Ref=1KI_12:14!4|MId=o110120140042|Strong=3206 9-10 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 13 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_12:14!5|MId=o110120140051|Strong=3807a 10 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 9 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_12:14!5|MId=o110120140052|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110120130022;|Type=infinitive_construct 11-12 אָבִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1KI_12:14!6|MId=o110120140061|Strong=0001 12 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_12:14!6|MId=o110120140062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 13 הִכְבִּ֣יד כָּבֵד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.made.heavy|Ref=1KI_12:14!7|MId=o110120140071|Strong=3513|Frame=AA:110120140061;A0:110120140091;|Type=qatal 14 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_12:14!8|MId=o110120140081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 עֻלְּכֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 עֻלּ עֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obj _ Gloss=yoke|Ref=1KI_12:14!9|MId=o110120140091|Strong=5923 16 ְכֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_12:14!9|MId=o110120140092|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 17-18 וַאֲנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_12:14!10|MId=o110120140101|Strong=2050b 18 אֲנִ֖י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_12:14!10|MId=o110120140102|Strong=0589|Type=personal 19 אֹסִ֣יף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 13 conj _ Gloss=I.will.add|Ref=1KI_12:14!11|MId=o110120140111|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:110120140102;|Type=yiqtol 20 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_12:14!12|MId=o110120140121|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 21-22 עֻלְּכֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 עֻלּ עֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=yoke|Ref=1KI_12:14!13|MId=o110120140131|Strong=5923 22 ְכֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_12:14!13|MId=o110120140132|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 23-24 אָבִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=father|Ref=1KI_12:14!14|MId=o110120140141|Strong=0001 24 ִ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_12:14!14|MId=o110120140142|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25 יִסַּ֤ר יָסַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 parataxis _ Gloss=he.disciplined|Ref=1KI_12:14!15|MId=o110120140151|Strong=3256|Frame=A0:110120140141;A1:110120140162;|Type=qatal 26-27 אֶתְכֶם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_12:14!16|MId=o110120140161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 27 ְכֶם֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_12:14!16|MId=o110120140162|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 28-30 בַּשּׁוֹטִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_12:14!17|MId=o110120140171|Strong=0871a 29 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_12:14!17|MId=o110120140171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 שּׁוֹטִ֔ים שׁוֹט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=whips|Ref=1KI_12:14!17|MId=o110120140172|Strong=7752 31-32 וַאֲנִ֕י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_12:14!18|MId=o110120140181|Strong=2050b 32 אֲנִ֕י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_12:14!18|MId=o110120140182|Strong=0589|Type=personal 33 אֲיַסֵּ֥ר יָסַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 25 conj _ Gloss=I.will.discipline|Ref=1KI_12:14!19|MId=o110120140191|Strong=3256|Frame=A0:110120140182;A1:110120140202;|Type=yiqtol 34-35 אֶתְכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 אֶת אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_12:14!20|MId=o110120140201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 35 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 33 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_12:14!20|MId=o110120140202|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 36-38 בָּעַקְרַבִּֽים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_12:14!21|MId=o110120140211|Strong=0871a 37 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_12:14!21|MId=o110120140211ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 עַקְרַבִּֽים עַקְרָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 obl _ Gloss=scorpions|Ref=1KI_12:14!21|MId=o110120140212|Strong=6137 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=1KI_12:14!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְדַבֵּר *he spoke* | wayyiqtol · piel | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | הִכְבִּיד *he made heavy* | qatal · hiphil | עֻלּ *yoke* | | | אָב *father* | | אֹסִיף *I will add* | yiqtol · hiphil | אֲנִי *I* | | | | | יִסַּר *he disciplined* | qatal · piel | אָב *father* | ְכֶם *you* | | | | אֲיַסֵּר *I will discipline* | yiqtol · piel | אֲנִי *I* | ְכֶם *you* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמַלֵיל עִמְהוֹן כְּמִלְכָּא דְיַנְקַיָא לְמֵימָר אַבָּא אַתְקֵיף יַת נִירְכוֹן וַאֲנָא אוֹסִיף עַל נִירְכוֹן אַבָּא רְדָא יַתְכוֹן בְּשַׁרְבִיטִין וַאֲנָא אֶרְדֵי יַתְכוֹן בְּמַרְגְנִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and spoke to them after the counsel of the young men, saying: 'My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke; my father chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.465/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:447`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 12:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.13/) - next →: [1 Kings 12:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.12.15/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/12/)