--- title: 1 Kings 13:2 — And he cried against the altar by the word of the LORD, and said: 'O… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he cried against the altar by the word of the LORD, and said: 'O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD: Behold, a son shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he sacrifice the priests of the high places that offer upon thee, and men's bones shall they burn upon thee --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/13/) / 13:2 # 1 Kings 13:2 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Jeroboam, LORD, high places, bones · **What happens:** cry, say, bear, sacrifice, offer, burn · **To what, where:** altar, son, priests, bones, LORD · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 13:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jeroboam, LORD, high places, bones — and what happens in the verse to altar, son, priests, bones, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרָ֤א עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מִזְבֵּ֣חַ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה הִנֵּֽה־בֵ֞ן נוֹלָ֤ד לְבֵית־דָּוִד֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ שְׁמ֔וֹ וְזָבַ֣ח עָלֶ֗יךָ אֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֤י הַבָּמוֹת֙ הַמַּקְטִרִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ וְעַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ עָלֶֽיךָ׃ [And he cried against the altar by the word of the LORD, and said: 'O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD: Behold, a son shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he sacrifice the priests of the high places that offer upon thee, and men's bones shall they burn upon thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.487/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:468 # text = וַיִּקְרָ֤א עַל־הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ בִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מִזְבֵּ֣חַ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה הִנֵּֽה־בֵ֞ן נוֹלָ֤ד לְבֵית־דָּוִד֙ יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ שְׁמ֔וֹ וְזָבַ֣ח עָלֶ֗יךָ אֶת־כֹּהֲנֵ֤י הַבָּמוֹת֙ הַמַּקְטִרִ֣ים עָלֶ֔יךָ וְעַצְמ֥וֹת אָדָ֖ם יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ עָלֶֽיךָ׃ # verse = 1KI.13.2 1-2 וַיִּקְרָ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:2!1|MId=o110130020011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרָ֤א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.called.out|Ref=1KI_13:2!1|MId=o110130020012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:110130010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_13:2!2|MId=o110130020021|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הַמִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:2!3|MId=o110130020031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 מִּזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=altar|Ref=1KI_13:2!3|MId=o110130020032|Strong=4196 6-7 בִּדְבַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1KI_13:2!4|MId=o110130020041|Strong=0871a 7 דְבַ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.word|Ref=1KI_13:2!4|MId=o110130020042|Strong=1697 8 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1KI_13:2!5|MId=o110130020051|Strong=3068 9-10 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:2!6|MId=o110130020061|Strong=2050b 10 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_13:2!6|MId=o110130020062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110130010021;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 מִזְבֵּ֣חַ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 dislocated _ Gloss=O.altar|Ref=1KI_13:2!7|MId=o110130020071|Strong=4196 12 מִזְבֵּ֔חַ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 dislocated _ Gloss=altar|Ref=1KI_13:2!8|MId=o110130020081|Strong=4196 13 כֹּ֖ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=1KI_13:2!9|MId=o110130020091|Strong=3541 14 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 parataxis _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=1KI_13:2!10|MId=o110130020101|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110130020111;|Type=qatal 15 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1KI_13:2!11|MId=o110130020111|Strong=3068 16 הִנֵּֽה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 10 ccomp _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1KI_13:2!12|MId=o110130020121|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 17 בֵ֞ן בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=a.son|Ref=1KI_13:2!13|MId=o110130020131|Strong=1121 18 נוֹלָ֤ד יָלַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ Gloss=[will.be].born|Ref=1KI_13:2!14|MId=o110130020141|Strong=3205|Frame=A1:110130020131;|Type=participle_active 19-20 לְבֵית־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_13:2!15|MId=o110130020151|Strong=3807a 20 בֵית־ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=1KI_13:2!15|MId=o110130020152|Strong=1004 21 דָּוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=1KI_13:2!16|MId=o110130020161|Strong=1732 22 יֹאשִׁיָּ֣הוּ יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 16 parataxis _ Gloss=[will.be].Josiah|Ref=1KI_13:2!17|MId=o110130020171|Strong=2977a 23-24 שְׁמ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=name|Ref=1KI_13:2!18|MId=o110130020181|Strong=8034 24 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_13:2!18|MId=o110130020182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25-26 וְזָבַ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:2!19|MId=o110130020191|Strong=2050b 26 זָבַ֣ח זָבַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 conj _ Gloss=he.will.sacrifice|Ref=1KI_13:2!19|MId=o110130020192|Strong=2076|Frame=A0:110130020131;A1:110130020221;|Type=qatal 27-28 עָלֶ֗יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 עָלֶ֗י עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_13:2!20|MId=o110130020201|Strong=5921 28 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_13:2!20|MId=o110130020202|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 29 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_13:2!21|MId=o110130020211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 30 כֹּהֲנֵ֤י כֹּהֵן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 26 obj _ Gloss=the.priests|Ref=1KI_13:2!22|MId=o110130020221|Strong=3548 31-32 הַבָּמוֹת֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_13:2!23|MId=o110130020231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 בָּמוֹת֙ בָּמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 30 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.high.places|Ref=1KI_13:2!23|MId=o110130020232|Strong=1116 33-34 הַמַּקְטִרִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 34 mark _ Gloss=[who].make|Ref=1KI_13:2!24|MId=o110130020241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 מַּקְטִרִ֣ים קָטַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 30 appos _ Gloss=smoke|Ref=1KI_13:2!24|MId=o110130020242|Strong=6999|Frame=A0:110130020221;|Type=participle_active 35-36 עָלֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 עָלֶ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_13:2!25|MId=o110130020251|Strong=5921 36 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_13:2!25|MId=o110130020252|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 37-38 וְעַצְמ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 40 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:2!26|MId=o110130020261|Strong=2050b 38 עַצְמ֥וֹת עֶצֶם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 40 obj _ Gloss=bones|Ref=1KI_13:2!26|MId=o110130020262|Strong=6106 39 אָדָ֖ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.humankind|Ref=1KI_13:2!27|MId=o110130020271|Strong=0120 40 יִשְׂרְפ֥וּ שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 26 conj _ Gloss=people.will.burn|Ref=1KI_13:2!28|MId=o110130020281|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:;A1:110130020262;|Type=yiqtol 41-42 עָלֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 עָלֶֽי עַל ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_13:2!29|MId=o110130020291|Strong=5921 42 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 40 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_13:2!29|MId=o110130020292|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 43 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 42 punct _ Ref=1KI_13:2!29 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרָא *he called out* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | נוֹלָד *\[will be\] born* | participle active · niphal | | בֵן *a son* | | | | זָבַח *he will sacrifice* | qatal · qal | בֵן *a son* | כֹּהֲנֵי *the priests* | | | | מַּקְטִרִים *smoke* | participle active · hiphil | כֹּהֲנֵי *the priests* | | | | | יִשְׂרְפוּ *people will burn* | yiqtol · qal | | עַצְמוֹת *bones* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִתְנַבֵי עַל אֱגוֹרָא בְּפִתְגָמָא דַייָ וַאֲמַר מַדְבְּחָא מַדְבְּחָא כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ הָא בְּרָא מִתְיְלִיד לְבֵית דָוִד יֹאשִׁיָהוּ שְׁמֵיהּ וְיִנְכֵיס עֲלָךְ יַת כוּמָרֵי בָּמָתָא דְאַסִיקוּ בּוּסְמִין עֲלָךְ וְגַרְמֵי אֱנָשָׁא יוֹקְדוּן עֲלָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he cried against the altar by the word of the LORD, and said: 'O altar, altar, thus saith the LORD: Behold, a son shall be born unto the house of David, Josiah by name; and upon thee shall he sacrifice the priests of the high places that offer upon thee, and men's bones shall they burn upon thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.487/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:468`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 13:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.1/) - next →: [1 Kings 13:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.3/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/13/)