--- title: 1 Kings 13:28 — And he went and found his carcass cast in the way, and the ass and t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he went and found his carcass cast in the way, and the ass and the lion standing by the carcass; the lion had not eaten the carcass, nor torn the ass. Who acts: prophet, ass, lion. 1 Kings 13:28 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/13/) / 13:28 # 1 Kings 13:28 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** prophet, ass, lion · **What happens:** go, find, cast, stand, not eat, tear · **To what, where:** carcass, way, ass This is 1 Kings 13:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — prophet, ass, lion — and what happens in the verse to carcass, way, ass, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וַיִּמְצָ֤א אֶת־נִבְלָתוֹ֙ מֻשְׁלֶ֣כֶת בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וַֽחֲמוֹר֙ וְהָ֣אַרְיֵ֔ה עֹמְדִ֖ים אֵ֣צֶל הַנְּבֵלָ֑ה לֹֽא־אָכַ֤ל הָֽאַרְיֵה֙ אֶת־הַנְּבֵלָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א שָׁבַ֖ר אֶֽת־הַחֲמֽוֹר׃ [And he went and found his carcass cast in the way, and the ass and the lion standing by the carcass; the lion had not eaten the carcass, nor torn the ass.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.513/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:494 # text = וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ וַיִּמְצָ֤א אֶת־נִבְלָתוֹ֙ מֻשְׁלֶ֣כֶת בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ וַֽחֲמוֹר֙ וְהָ֣אַרְיֵ֔ה עֹמְדִ֖ים אֵ֣צֶל הַנְּבֵלָ֑ה לֹֽא־אָכַ֤ל הָֽאַרְיֵה֙ אֶת־הַנְּבֵלָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א שָׁבַ֖ר אֶֽת־הַחֲמֽוֹר׃ # verse = 1KI.13.28 1-2 וַיֵּ֗לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:28!1|MId=o110130280011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּ֗לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1KI_13:28!1|MId=o110130280012|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110130260022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 וַיִּמְצָ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:28!2|MId=o110130280021|Strong=2050b 4 יִּמְצָ֤א מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.found|Ref=1KI_13:28!2|MId=o110130280022|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:110130260022;A1:110130280051;110130280091;|Type=wayyiqtol 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_13:28!3|MId=o110130280031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 נִבְלָתוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 נִבְלָת נְבֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=corpse|Ref=1KI_13:28!4|MId=o110130280041|Strong=5038 7 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_13:28!4|MId=o110130280042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8 מֻשְׁלֶ֣כֶת שָׁלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing 4 obj _ Gloss=thrown.down|Ref=1KI_13:28!5|MId=o110130280051|Strong=7993|Frame=A1:110130280041;|Type=participle_passive 9-11 בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_13:28!6|MId=o110130280061|Strong=0871a 10 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:28!6|MId=o110130280061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 דֶּ֔רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=road|Ref=1KI_13:28!6|MId=o110130280062|Strong=1870 12-13 וַֽחֲמוֹר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=1KI_13:28!7|MId=o110130280071|Strong=2050b 13 חֲמוֹר֙ חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=donkey|Ref=1KI_13:28!7|MId=o110130280072|Strong=2543 14-16 וְהָ֣אַרְיֵ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:28!8|MId=o110130280081|Strong=2050b 15 הָ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:28!8|MId=o110130280082|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 אַרְיֵ֔ה אַרְיֵה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=lion|Ref=1KI_13:28!8|MId=o110130280083|Strong=0738a 17 עֹמְדִ֖ים עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 8 conj _ Gloss=standing|Ref=1KI_13:28!9|MId=o110130280091|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:110130280072;110130280083;|Type=participle_active 18 אֵ֣צֶל אֵצֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=beside|Ref=1KI_13:28!10|MId=o110130280101|Strong=0681 19-20 הַנְּבֵלָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:28!11|MId=o110130280111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 נְּבֵלָ֑ה נְבֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=corpse|Ref=1KI_13:28!11|MId=o110130280112|Strong=5038 21 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_13:28!12|MId=o110130280121|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 22 אָכַ֤ל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.had.eaten|Ref=1KI_13:28!13|MId=o110130280131|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:110130280142;A1:110130280162;|Type=qatal 23-24 הָֽאַרְיֵה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הָֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:28!14|MId=o110130280141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 אַרְיֵה֙ אַרְיֵה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ Gloss=lion|Ref=1KI_13:28!14|MId=o110130280142|Strong=0738a 25 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_13:28!15|MId=o110130280151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הַנְּבֵלָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:28!16|MId=o110130280161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 נְּבֵלָ֔ה נְבֵלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=corpse|Ref=1KI_13:28!16|MId=o110130280162|Strong=5038 28-29 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_13:28!17|MId=o110130280171|Strong=2050b 29 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_13:28!17|MId=o110130280172|Strong=3808|Type=negative 30 שָׁבַ֖ר שָׁבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.had.mauled|Ref=1KI_13:28!18|MId=o110130280181|Strong=7665|Frame=A0:110130280142;A1:110130280202;|Type=qatal 31 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_13:28!19|MId=o110130280191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 32-33 הַחֲמֽוֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_13:28!20|MId=o110130280201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 חֲמֽוֹר חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 30 obj _ Gloss=donkey|Ref=1KI_13:28!20|MId=o110130280202|Strong=2543 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=1KI_13:28!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּמְצָא *he found* | wayyiqtol · qal | | מֻשְׁלֶכֶת *thrown down* + עֹמְדִים *standing* | | | | מֻשְׁלֶכֶת *thrown down* | participle passive · hophal | | נִבְלָת *corpse* | | | | עֹמְדִים *standing* | participle active · qal | חֲמוֹר *donkey* + אַרְיֵה *lion* | | | | | **not** אָכַל *it had eaten* | qatal · qal | אַרְיֵה *lion* | נְּבֵלָה *corpse* | | | | **not** שָׁבַר *it had mauled* | qatal · qal | אַרְיֵה *lion* | חֲמֽוֹר *donkey* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲזַל וְאַשְׁכַּח יַת נְבֵלְתֵּיהּ רַמְיָא בְאוֹרְחָא וַחֲמָרָא וְאַרְיָא קַיְמִין בִּסְטַר נְבֵלְתָּא לָא אֲכַל אַרְיָא יַת נְבֵלְתָּא וְלָא תַבַּר יַת חֲמָרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he went and found his carcass cast in the way, and the ass and the lion standing by the carcass; the lion had not eaten the carcass, nor torn the ass.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.513/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:494`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 13:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.27/) - next →: [1 Kings 13:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.13.29/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/13/)