--- title: 1 Kings 14:21 — And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put His name there; and his mother's name was Naamah the Ammonitess. Who --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.14.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/14/) / 14:21 # 1 Kings 14:21 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Rehoboam, LORD, name, mother · **What happens:** reign, be, begin, choose out, put, name · **To what, where:** Judah, Jerusalem, city, tribes, name, Naamah This is 1 Kings 14:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Rehoboam, LORD, name, mother — and what happens in the verse to Judah, Jerusalem, city, tribes, name, Naamah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּרְחַבְעָם֙ בֶּן־שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּֽיהוּדָ֑ה בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֣ים וְאַחַ֣ת שָׁנָה֩ רְחַבְעָ֨ם בְּמָלְכ֜וֹ וּֽשֲׁבַ֨ע עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֣ה ׀ מָלַ֣ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הָ֠עִיר אֲשֶׁר־בָּחַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה לָשׂ֨וּם אֶת־שְׁמ֥וֹ שָׁם֙ מִכֹּל֙ שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמּ֔וֹ נַעֲמָ֖ה הָעַמֹּנִֽית׃ [And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.542/) [Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put His name there; and his mother's name was Naamah the Ammonitess.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.543/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:521 # text = וּרְחַבְעָם֙ בֶּן־שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה מָלַ֖ךְ בִּֽיהוּדָ֑ה בֶּן־אַרְבָּעִ֣ים וְאַחַ֣ת שָׁנָה֩ רְחַבְעָ֨ם בְּמָלְכ֜וֹ וּֽשֲׁבַ֨ע עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה שָׁנָ֣ה ׀ מָלַ֣ךְ בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הָ֠עִיר אֲשֶׁר־בָּחַ֨ר יְהוָ֜ה לָשׂ֨וּם אֶת־שְׁמ֥וֹ שָׁם֙ מִכֹּל֙ שִׁבְטֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְשֵׁ֣ם אִמּ֔וֹ נַעֲמָ֖ה הָעַמֹּנִֽית׃ # verse = 1KI.14.21 1-2 וּרְחַבְעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_14:21!1|MId=o110140210011|Strong=2050b 2 רְחַבְעָם֙ רְחַבְעָם PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Rehoboam|Ref=1KI_14:21!1|MId=o110140210012|Strong=7346 3 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1KI_14:21!2|MId=o110140210021|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 4 שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה שְׁלֹמֹה PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Solomon|Ref=1KI_14:21!3|MId=o110140210031|Strong=8010 5 מָלַ֖ךְ מָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.reigned|Ref=1KI_14:21!4|MId=o110140210041|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:110140210012;|Type=qatal 6-7 בִּֽיהוּדָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בִּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_14:21!5|MId=o110140210051|Strong=0871a 7 יהוּדָ֑ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=1KI_14:21!5|MId=o110140210052|Strong=3063 8 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].a.son|Ref=1KI_14:21!6|MId=o110140210061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 9 אַרְבָּעִ֣ים אַרְבַּע NUM _ Number=Plur 12 nummod _ Gloss=of.forty|Ref=1KI_14:21!7|MId=o110140210071|Strong=0705|Type=cardinal_number 10-11 וְאַחַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_14:21!8|MId=o110140210081|Strong=2050b 11 אַחַ֣ת אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 conj _ Gloss=one|Ref=1KI_14:21!8|MId=o110140210082|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 12 שָׁנָה֩ שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=1KI_14:21!9|MId=o110140210091|Strong=8141 13 רְחַבְעָ֨ם רְחַבְעָם PROPN _ _ 8 nsubj _ Gloss=Rehoboam|Ref=1KI_14:21!10|MId=o110140210101|Strong=7346 14-16 בְּמָלְכ֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1KI_14:21!11|MId=o110140210111|Strong=0871a 15 מָלְכ מָלַךְ VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 8 advcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_14:21!11|MId=o110140210112|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:110140210113;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=became.king|Ref=1KI_14:21!11|MId=o110140210113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 וּֽשֲׁבַ֨ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_14:21!12|MId=o110140210121|Strong=2050b 18 שֲׁבַ֨ע שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 nummod _ Gloss=seven-|Ref=1KI_14:21!12|MId=o110140210122|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 19 עֶשְׂרֵ֥ה עֶשְׂרֵה NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 flat _ Gloss=teen|Ref=1KI_14:21!13|MId=o110140210131|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 20 שָׁנָ֣ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=1KI_14:21!14|MId=o110140210141|Strong=8141 21 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=1KI_14:21!14 22 מָלַ֣ךְ מָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=he.reigned|Ref=1KI_14:21!15|MId=o110140210151|Strong=4427|Frame=A0:110140210101;|Type=qatal 23-24 בִּירוּשָׁלִַ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_14:21!16|MId=o110140210161|Strong=0871a 24 ירוּשָׁלִַ֗ם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 22 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=1KI_14:21!16|MId=o110140210162|Strong=3389 25-26 הָ֠עִיר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הָ֠ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_14:21!17|MId=o110140210171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 appos _ Gloss=city|Ref=1KI_14:21!17|MId=o110140210172|Strong=5892 27 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=where|Ref=1KI_14:21!18|MId=o110140210181|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 28 בָּחַ֨ר בָּחַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 26 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.chosen|Ref=1KI_14:21!19|MId=o110140210191|Strong=0977|Frame=A0:110140210201;A1:110140210172;|Type=qatal 29 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 28 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1KI_14:21!20|MId=o110140210201|Strong=3068 30-31 לָשׂ֨וּם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_14:21!21|MId=o110140210211|Strong=3807a 31 שׂ֨וּם שׂים VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 28 xcomp _ Gloss=put|Ref=1KI_14:21!21|MId=o110140210212|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:110140210201;A1:110140210231;|Type=infinitive_construct 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_14:21!22|MId=o110140210221|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 שְׁמ֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 שְׁמ שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=name|Ref=1KI_14:21!23|MId=o110140210231|Strong=8034 34 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_14:21!23|MId=o110140210232|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35 שָׁם֙ שָׁם ADV _ _ 31 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=1KI_14:21!24|MId=o110140210241|Strong=8033 36-37 מִכֹּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_14:21!25|MId=o110140210251|Strong=4480 37 כֹּל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_14:21!25|MId=o110140210252|Strong=3605 38 שִׁבְטֵ֣י שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 37 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.tribes|Ref=1KI_14:21!26|MId=o110140210261|Strong=7626 39 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1KI_14:21!27|MId=o110140210271|Strong=3478 40-41 וְשֵׁ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_14:21!28|MId=o110140210281|Strong=2050b 41 שֵׁ֣ם שֵׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ Gloss=the.name|Ref=1KI_14:21!28|MId=o110140210282|Strong=8034 42-43 אִמּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 41 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.mother|Ref=1KI_14:21!29|MId=o110140210291|Strong=0517 43 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_14:21!29|MId=o110140210292|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 44 נַעֲמָ֖ה נַעֲמָה PROPN _ _ 5 conj _ Gloss=[was].Naamah|Ref=1KI_14:21!30|MId=o110140210301|Strong=5279 45-46 הָעַמֹּנִֽית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 46 det _ Gloss=the.Ammonite|Ref=1KI_14:21!31|MId=o110140210311|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 46 עַמֹּנִֽית עַמֹּונִי NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 44 appos _ Gloss=[woman]|Ref=1KI_14:21!31|MId=o110140210312|Strong=5984|Type=gentilic 47 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 46 punct _ Ref=1KI_14:21!31 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָלַךְ *he reigned* | qatal · qal | רְחַבְעָם *Rehoboam* | | | | | מָלְכ *he* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *became king* | | | | | מָלַךְ *he reigned* | qatal · qal | רְחַבְעָם *Rehoboam* | | | | | בָּחַר *he had chosen* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | עִיר *city* | | | | שׂוּם *put* | infinitive construct · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | שְׁמ *name* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּרְחַבְעָם בַּר שְׁלֹמֹה מְלַךְ עַל דְבֵית יְהוּדָה בַּר אַרְבְּעִין וַחֲדָא שְׁנָא רְחַבְעָם כַּד מְלַךְ וּשְׁבַע עַשְׂרֵי שְׁנִין מְלַךְ בִּירוּשְׁלֵם קַרְתָּא דְאִתְרְעֵי יְיָ לְאַשְׁרָאָה יַת שְׁכִנְתֵּיהּ תַּמָן מִכָּל שִׁבְטַיָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וְשׁוּם אִמֵיהּ נַעֲמָה מִבְּנֵי עַמוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.542/) 2. [Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned seventeen years in Jerusalem, the city which the LORD had chosen out of all the tribes of Israel, to put His name there; and his mother's name was Naamah the Ammonitess.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.543/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:521`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 14:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.14.20/) - next →: [1 Kings 14:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.14.22/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/14/)