--- title: 1 Kings 14:22 — And Judah did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD; and they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Judah did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD; and they moved Him to jealousy with their sins which they committed, above all that their fathers had done. Who acts: Judah, tribes, fathers. 1 Kings 14:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.14.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/14/) / 14:22 # 1 Kings 14:22 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Judah, tribes, fathers · **What happens:** do, be, move, commit, sight · **To what, where:** that, sight, LORD, jealousy, sins, all This is 1 Kings 14:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Judah, tribes, fathers — and what happens in the verse to that, sight, LORD, jealousy, sins, all, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֧עַשׂ יְהוּדָ֛ה הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיְקַנְא֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ מִכֹּל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּחַטֹּאתָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָֽאוּ׃ [And Judah did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD; and they moved Him to jealousy with their sins which they committed, above all that their fathers had done.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.544/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:522 # text = וַיַּ֧עַשׂ יְהוּדָ֛ה הָרַ֖ע בְּעֵינֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיְקַנְא֣וּ אֹת֗וֹ מִכֹּל֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשׂ֣וּ אֲבֹתָ֔ם בְּחַטֹּאתָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר חָטָֽאוּ׃ # verse = 1KI.14.22 1-2 וַיַּ֧עַשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_14:22!1|MId=o110140220011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֧עַשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.did|Ref=1KI_14:22!1|MId=o110140220012|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110140220021;A1:110140220032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יְהוּדָ֛ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=1KI_14:22!2|MId=o110140220021|Strong=3063 4-5 הָרַ֖ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_14:22!3|MId=o110140220031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 רַ֖ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=1KI_14:22!3|MId=o110140220032|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 6-7 בְּעֵינֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_14:22!4|MId=o110140220041|Strong=0871a 7 עֵינֵ֣י עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 5 nmod _ Gloss=the.eyes|Ref=1KI_14:22!4|MId=o110140220042|Strong=5869 8 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1KI_14:22!5|MId=o110140220051|Strong=3068 9-10 וַיְקַנְא֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_14:22!6|MId=o110140220061|Strong=2050b 10 יְקַנְא֣וּ קָנָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.made.jealous|Ref=1KI_14:22!6|MId=o110140220062|Strong=7065|Frame=A0:110140220021;A1:110140220072;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 אֹת֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_14:22!7|MId=o110140220071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 12 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_14:22!7|MId=o110140220072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 מִכֹּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=1KI_14:22!8|MId=o110140220081|Strong=4480 14 כֹּל֙ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=than.all|Ref=1KI_14:22!8|MId=o110140220082|Strong=3605 15 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1KI_14:22!9|MId=o110140220091|Strong=0834|Type=relative 16 עָשׂ֣וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.done|Ref=1KI_14:22!10|MId=o110140220101|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110140220111;A1:110140220082;|Type=qatal 17-18 אֲבֹתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֲבֹת אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=ancestors|Ref=1KI_14:22!11|MId=o110140220111|Strong=0001 18 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1KI_14:22!11|MId=o110140220112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 19-21 בְּחַטֹּאתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1KI_14:22!12|MId=o110140220121|Strong=0871a 20 חַטֹּאת חַטָּאת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 10 obl _ Gloss=sins|Ref=1KI_14:22!12|MId=o110140220122|Strong=2403 21 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=1KI_14:22!12|MId=o110140220123|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 23 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1KI_14:22!13|MId=o110140220131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 23 חָטָֽאוּ חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 20 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.sinned|Ref=1KI_14:22!14|MId=o110140220141|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:110140220021;A1:110140220122;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=1KI_14:22!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַשׂ *it did* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | רַע *evil* | | | | יְקַנְאוּ *they made jealous* | wayyiqtol · piel | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | וֹ *him* | | | | עָשׂוּ *they had done* | qatal · qal | אֲבֹת *ancestors* | כֹּל *than all* | | | | חָטָֽאוּ *they sinned* | qatal · qal | יְהוּדָה *Judah* | חַטֹּאת *sins* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַעֲבַד דְבֵית יְהוּדָה דְבִישׁ קֳדָם יְיָ וְאַרְגִיזוּ קָדָמוֹהִי מִכָּל דַעֲבַדוּ אֲבָהַתְהוֹן בְּחוֹבֵיהוֹן דִי חָבוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Judah did that which was evil in the sight of the LORD; and they moved Him to jealousy with their sins which they committed, above all that their fathers had done.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.544/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:522`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 14:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.14.21/) - next →: [1 Kings 14:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.14.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/14/)