--- title: 1 Kings 15:13 — And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah; and Asa cut down her image, and burnt it at the brook Kidron. Who acts: Asa, rest. 1 Kings 15:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.15.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/15/) / 15:13 # 1 Kings 15:13 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Asa, rest · **What happens:** remove, be, make, cut down, burnt, image · **To what, where:** abominable image, image, brook This is 1 Kings 15:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Asa, rest — and what happens in the verse to abominable image, image, brook, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְגַ֣ם ׀ אֶת־מַעֲכָ֣ה אִמּ֗וֹ וַיְסִרֶ֙הָ֙ מִגְּבִירָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשְׂתָ֥ה מִפְלֶ֖צֶת לָאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה וַיִּכְרֹ֤ת אָסָא֙ אֶת־מִפְלַצְתָּ֔הּ וַיִּשְׂרֹ֖ף בְּנַ֥חַל קִדְרֽוֹן׃ [And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah; and Asa cut down her image, and burnt it at the brook Kidron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.568/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:544 # text = וְגַ֣ם ׀ אֶת־מַעֲכָ֣ה אִמּ֗וֹ וַיְסִרֶ֙הָ֙ מִגְּבִירָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־עָשְׂתָ֥ה מִפְלֶ֖צֶת לָאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה וַיִּכְרֹ֤ת אָסָא֙ אֶת־מִפְלַצְתָּ֔הּ וַיִּשְׂרֹ֖ף בְּנַ֥חַל קִדְרֽוֹן׃ # verse = 1KI.15.13 1-2 וְגַ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_15:13!1|MId=o110150130011|Strong=2050b 2 גַ֣ם גַּם ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=1KI_15:13!1|MId=o110150130012|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=1KI_15:13!1 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_15:13!2|MId=o110150130021|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 מַעֲכָ֣ה מַעֲכָה PROPN _ _ 9 dislocated _ Gloss=Maacah|Ref=1KI_15:13!3|MId=o110150130031|Strong=4601 6-7 אִמּ֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=mother|Ref=1KI_15:13!4|MId=o110150130041|Strong=0517 7 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_15:13!4|MId=o110150130042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-10 וַיְסִרֶ֙הָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_15:13!5|MId=o110150130051|Strong=2050b 9 יְסִר סוּר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_15:13!5|MId=o110150130052|Strong=5493|Frame=AA:110150110021;A0:110150130053;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 ֶ֙הָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=removed.her|Ref=1KI_15:13!5|MId=o110150130053|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 11-12 מִגְּבִירָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_15:13!6|MId=o110150130061|Strong=4480 12 גְּבִירָ֔ה גְּבִירָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=queen-mother|Ref=1KI_15:13!6|MId=o110150130062|Strong=1377 13 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=1KI_15:13!7|MId=o110150130071|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 14 עָשְׂתָ֥ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 parataxis _ Gloss=she.had.made|Ref=1KI_15:13!8|MId=o110150130081|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110150130031;A1:110150130091;|Type=qatal 15 מִפְלֶ֖צֶת מִפְלֶצֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obj _ Gloss=an.abominable.image|Ref=1KI_15:13!9|MId=o110150130091|Strong=4656 16-18 לָאֲשֵׁרָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to.(the)|Ref=1KI_15:13!10|MId=o110150130101|Strong=3807a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=Asherah|Ref=1KI_15:13!10|MId=o110150130101ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֲשֵׁרָ֑ה אֲשֵׁרָה PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=pole|Ref=1KI_15:13!10|MId=o110150130102|Strong=0842 19-20 וַיִּכְרֹ֤ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_15:13!11|MId=o110150130111|Strong=2050b 20 יִּכְרֹ֤ת כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.cut.down|Ref=1KI_15:13!11|MId=o110150130112|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:110150130121;A1:110150130141;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 אָסָא֙ אָסָא PROPN _ _ 20 nsubj _ Gloss=Asa|Ref=1KI_15:13!12|MId=o110150130121|Strong=0609 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_15:13!13|MId=o110150130131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 מִפְלַצְתָּ֔הּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 מִפְלַצְתּ מִפְלֶצֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=image|Ref=1KI_15:13!14|MId=o110150130141|Strong=4656 24 ָ֔הּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nmod:poss _ Gloss=her.abominable|Ref=1KI_15:13!14|MId=o110150130142|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 25-26 וַיִּשְׂרֹ֖ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_15:13!15|MId=o110150130151|Strong=2050b 26 יִּשְׂרֹ֖ף שָׂרַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.burned.[it]|Ref=1KI_15:13!15|MId=o110150130152|Strong=8313|Frame=A0:110150130121;A1:110150130141;|Type=wayyiqtol 27-28 בְּנַ֥חַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_15:13!16|MId=o110150130161|Strong=0871a 28 נַ֥חַל נַחַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=the.wadi|Ref=1KI_15:13!16|MId=o110150130162|Strong=5158 29 קִדְרֽוֹן קִדְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Kidron|Ref=1KI_15:13!17|MId=o110150130171|Strong=6939|SpaceAfter=No 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1KI_15:13!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יְסִר *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֶהָ *removed her* | | | | | עָשְׂתָה *she had made* | qatal · qal | מַעֲכָה *Maacah* | מִפְלֶצֶת *an abominable image* | | | | יִּכְרֹת *he cut down* | wayyiqtol · qal | אָסָא *Asa* | מִפְלַצְתּ *image* | | | | יִּשְׂרֹף *he burned \[it\]* | wayyiqtol · qal | אָסָא *Asa* | מִפְלַצְתּ *image* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַף יַת מַעֲכָה אִמֵיהּ אַעְדָהּ מִמַלְכוּתָהּ דַעֲבַדַת טַעֲוָתָא לַאֲשֵׁרָתָא וְקָץ אָסָא יַת טַעֲוָתָא וְאוֹקֵיד בְּנַחְלָא דְקִדְרוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And also Maacah his mother he removed from being queen, because she had made an abominable image for an Asherah; and Asa cut down her image, and burnt it at the brook Kidron.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.568/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:544`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 15:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.15.12/) - next →: [1 Kings 15:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.15.14/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/15/)