--- title: 1 Kings 16:31 — And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him. Who acts: sight, it, Ahab. 1 Kings 16:31 in Hebrew with its depende --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.16.31/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/16/) / 16:31 # 1 Kings 16:31 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** sight, it, Ahab · **What happens:** come, pass, be, walk, take, go · **To what, where:** light thing, sins, Baal, Ahab This is 1 Kings 16:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sight, it, Ahab — and what happens in the verse to light thing, sins, Baal, Ahab, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֙ הֲנָקֵ֣ל לֶכְתּ֔וֹ בְּחַטֹּ֖אות יָרָבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־נְבָ֑ט וַיִּקַּ֨ח אִשָּׁ֜ה אֶת־אִיזֶ֗בֶל בַּת־אֶתְבַּ֙עַל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ צִידֹנִ֔ים וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־הַבַּ֔עַל וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לֽוֹ׃ [And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.622/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:596 # text = וַיְהִי֙ הֲנָקֵ֣ל לֶכְתּ֔וֹ בְּחַטֹּ֖אות יָרָבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־נְבָ֑ט וַיִּקַּ֨ח אִשָּׁ֜ה אֶת־אִיזֶ֗בֶל בַּת־אֶתְבַּ֙עַל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ צִידֹנִ֔ים וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־הַבַּ֔עַל וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לֽוֹ׃ # verse = 1KI.16.31 1-2 וַיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_16:31!1|MId=o110160310011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_16:31!1|MId=o110160310012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הֲנָקֵ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 4 advmod _ Gloss=was|Ref=1KI_16:31!2|MId=o110160310021|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 4 נָקֵ֣ל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.trifling?|Ref=1KI_16:31!2|MId=o110160310022|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:110160310031;|Type=qatal 5-6 לֶכְתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לֶכְתּ הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 4 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_16:31!3|MId=o110160310031|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110160310032;|Type=infinitive_construct 6 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ Gloss=to.walk|Ref=1KI_16:31!3|MId=o110160310032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 7-8 בְּחַטֹּ֖אות _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_16:31!4|MId=o110160310041|Strong=0871a 8 חַטֹּ֖אות חַטָּאת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=the.sins|Ref=1KI_16:31!4|MId=o110160310042|Strong=2403 9 יָרָבְעָ֣ם יָרָבְעָם PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jeroboam|Ref=1KI_16:31!5|MId=o110160310051|Strong=3379 10 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1KI_16:31!6|MId=o110160310061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 11 נְבָ֑ט נְבָט PROPN _ _ 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Nebat|Ref=1KI_16:31!7|MId=o110160310071|Strong=5028 12-13 וַיִּקַּ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_16:31!8|MId=o110160310081|Strong=2050b 13 יִּקַּ֨ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=1KI_16:31!8|MId=o110160310082|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:110160300021;A1:110160310111;|Type=wayyiqtol 14 אִשָּׁ֜ה אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 xcomp _ Gloss=a.wife|Ref=1KI_16:31!9|MId=o110160310091|Strong=0802 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_16:31!10|MId=o110160310101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16 אִיזֶ֗בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 13 obj _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_16:31!11|MId=o110160310111|Strong=0348 17 בַּת־ בַּת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=the.daughter|Ref=1KI_16:31!12|MId=o110160310121|Strong=1323|SpaceAfter=No 18 אֶתְבַּ֙עַל֙ אֶתְבַּעַל PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ethbaal|Ref=1KI_16:31!13|MId=o110160310131|Strong=0856 19 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1KI_16:31!14|MId=o110160310141|Strong=4428 20 צִידֹנִ֔ים צִידֹנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[the].Sidonians|Ref=1KI_16:31!15|MId=o110160310151|Strong=6722|Type=gentilic 21-22 וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_16:31!16|MId=o110160310161|Strong=2050b 22 יֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1KI_16:31!16|MId=o110160310162|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110160300021;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_16:31!17|MId=o110160310171|Strong=2050b 24 יַּעֲבֹ֣ד עָבַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.served|Ref=1KI_16:31!17|MId=o110160310172|Strong=5647|Frame=A0:110160300021;A1:110160310192;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_16:31!18|MId=o110160310181|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 הַבַּ֔עַל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_16:31!19|MId=o110160310191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 בַּ֔עַל בַּעַל PROPN _ _ 24 obj _ Gloss=Baal|Ref=1KI_16:31!19|MId=o110160310192|Strong=1168 28-29 וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_16:31!20|MId=o110160310201|Strong=2050b 29 יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.bowed.down|Ref=1KI_16:31!20|MId=o110160310202|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:110160300021;|Type=wayyiqtol 30-31 לֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_16:31!21|MId=o110160310211|Strong=3807a 31 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=it|Ref=1KI_16:31!21|MId=o110160310212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1KI_16:31!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | נָקֵל *it trifling?* | qatal · niphal | לֶכְתּ *he* | | | | | לֶכְתּ *he* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *to walk* | | | | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אִיזֶבֶל *Jezebel* | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יַּעֲבֹד *he served* | wayyiqtol · qal | | בַּעַל *Baal* | | | | יִּשְׁתַּחוּ *he bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה שִׁיט בְּעֵינוֹהִי לְמֵיזַל בְּחוֹבֵי יָרָבְעָם בַּר נְבָט וּנְסִיב אִתְּתָא יַת אִיזֶבֶל בַּת אֶתְבַּעַל מַלְכָּא דְצִידוֹן וַאֲזַל וּפְלַח יַת בַּעֲלָא וּסְגִיד לֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took to wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Zidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshipped him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.622/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:596`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 16:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.16.30/) - next →: [1 Kings 16:32](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.16.32/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/16/)