--- title: 1 Kings 17:12 — And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a handful of meal in the jar, and a little oil in the cruse; and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die.' Who acts: Zarephath, LORD, I, we. 1 Kings 17:12 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/17/) / 17:12 # 1 Kings 17:12 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Zarephath, LORD, I, we · **What happens:** say, live, not have, gather, go in, dress · **To what, where:** cake, two sticks, handful · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 17:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Zarephath, LORD, I, we — and what happens in the verse to cake, two sticks, handful, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתֹּ֗אמֶר חַי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אִם־יֶשׁ־לִ֣י מָע֔וֹג כִּ֣י אִם־מְלֹ֤א כַף־קֶ֙מַח֙ בַּכַּ֔ד וּמְעַט־שֶׁ֖מֶן בַּצַּפָּ֑חַת וְהִנְנִ֨י מְקֹשֶׁ֜שֶׁת שְׁנַ֣יִם עֵצִ֗ים וּבָ֙אתִי֙ וַעֲשִׂיתִ֙יהוּ֙ לִ֣י וְלִבְנִ֔י וַאֲכַלְנֻ֖הוּ וָמָֽתְנוּ׃ [And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a handful of meal in the jar, and a little oil in the cruse; and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.637/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:611 # text = וַתֹּ֗אמֶר חַי־יְהוָ֤ה אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ אִם־יֶשׁ־לִ֣י מָע֔וֹג כִּ֣י אִם־מְלֹ֤א כַף־קֶ֙מַח֙ בַּכַּ֔ד וּמְעַט־שֶׁ֖מֶן בַּצַּפָּ֑חַת וְהִנְנִ֨י מְקֹשֶׁ֜שֶׁת שְׁנַ֣יִם עֵצִ֗ים וּבָ֙אתִי֙ וַעֲשִׂיתִ֙יהוּ֙ לִ֣י וְלִבְנִ֔י וַאֲכַלְנֻ֖הוּ וָמָֽתְנוּ׃ # verse = 1KI.17.12 1-2 וַתֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!1|MId=o110170120011|Strong=2050b 2 תֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=1KI_17:12!1|MId=o110170120012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110170100101;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 חַי־ חַי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=[by].the.life|Ref=1KI_17:12!2|MId=o110170120021|Strong=2416|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 4 יְהוָ֤ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1KI_17:12!3|MId=o110170120031|Strong=3068 5-6 אֱלֹהֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 אֱלֹהֶ֙י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=1KI_17:12!4|MId=o110170120041|Strong=0430 6 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 5 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_17:12!4|MId=o110170120042|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 7 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1KI_17:12!5|MId=o110170120051|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 8 יֶשׁ־ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 3 parataxis _ Gloss=there.[is]|Ref=1KI_17:12!6|MId=o110170120061|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 ל לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1KI_17:12!7|MId=o110170120071|Strong=3807a 10 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1KI_17:12!7|MId=o110170120072|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 11 מָע֔וֹג מָעוֹג NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ Gloss=food|Ref=1KI_17:12!8|MId=o110170120081|Strong=4580 12 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 19 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_17:12!9|MId=o110170120091|Strong=3588 13 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 12 fixed _ Gloss=(if)|Ref=1KI_17:12!10|MId=o110170120101|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 14 מְלֹ֤א מְלֹא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=[the].fullness|Ref=1KI_17:12!11|MId=o110170120111|Strong=4393 15 כַף־ כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.palm|Ref=1KI_17:12!12|MId=o110170120121|Strong=3709|SpaceAfter=No 16 קֶ֙מַח֙ קֶמַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.flour|Ref=1KI_17:12!13|MId=o110170120131|Strong=7058 17-19 בַּכַּ֔ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_17:12!14|MId=o110170120141|Strong=0871a 18 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_17:12!14|MId=o110170120141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 כַּ֔ד כַּד NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 parataxis _ Gloss=jar|Ref=1KI_17:12!14|MId=o110170120142|Strong=3537 20-21 וּמְעַט־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!15|MId=o110170120151|Strong=2050b 21 מְעַט־ מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=a.little|Ref=1KI_17:12!15|MId=o110170120152|Strong=4592 22 שֶׁ֖מֶן שֶׁמֶן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.oil|Ref=1KI_17:12!16|MId=o110170120161|Strong=8081 23-25 בַּצַּפָּ֑חַת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_17:12!17|MId=o110170120171|Strong=0871a 24 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_17:12!17|MId=o110170120171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 צַּפָּ֑חַת צַפַּחַת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=jug|Ref=1KI_17:12!17|MId=o110170120172|Strong=6835 26-28 וְהִנְנִ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!18|MId=o110170120181|Strong=2050b 27 הִנ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=here|Ref=1KI_17:12!18|MId=o110170120182|Strong=2009|Type=interjection 28 ְנִ֨י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_17:12!18|MId=o110170120183|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 29 מְקֹשֶׁ֜שֶׁת קָשַׁשׁ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=POEL|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=[am].gathering|Ref=1KI_17:12!19|MId=o110170120191|Strong=7197|Frame=A0:110170120183;A1:110170120211;|Type=participle_active 30 שְׁנַ֣יִם שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 31 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=1KI_17:12!20|MId=o110170120201|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 31 עֵצִ֗ים עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 obj _ Gloss=wood(s)|Ref=1KI_17:12!21|MId=o110170120211|Strong=6086 32-33 וּבָ֙אתִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!22|MId=o110170120221|Strong=2050b 33 בָ֙אתִי֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I.will.go|Ref=1KI_17:12!22|MId=o110170120222|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:110170100101;|Type=qatal 34-36 וַעֲשִׂיתִ֙יהוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!23|MId=o110170120231|Strong=2050b 35 עֲשִׂיתִ֙י עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_17:12!23|MId=o110170120232|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110170100101;A1:110170120233;|Type=qatal 36 הוּ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obj _ Gloss=will.prepare.it|Ref=1KI_17:12!23|MId=o110170120233|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 37-38 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 ל לְ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1KI_17:12!24|MId=o110170120241|Strong=3807a 38 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ Gloss=myself|Ref=1KI_17:12!24|MId=o110170120242|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 39-42 וְלִבְנִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!25|MId=o110170120251|Strong=2050b 40 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1KI_17:12!25|MId=o110170120252|Strong=3807a 41 בְנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 conj _ Gloss=son|Ref=1KI_17:12!25|MId=o110170120253|Strong=1121 42 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 41 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_17:12!25|MId=o110170120254|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 43-45 וַאֲכַלְנֻ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 44 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!26|MId=o110170120261|Strong=2050b 44 אֲכַלְנֻ֖ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=we|Ref=1KI_17:12!26|MId=o110170120262|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:110170100101;110170120253;A1:110170120263;|Type=qatal 45 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 obj _ Gloss=will.eat.it|Ref=1KI_17:12!26|MId=o110170120263|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 46-47 וָמָֽתְנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 47 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_17:12!27|MId=o110170120271|Strong=2050b 47 מָֽתְנוּ מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 3 conj _ Gloss=we.will.die|Ref=1KI_17:12!27|MId=o110170120272|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:110170100101;110170120253;|Type=weqatal 48 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 47 punct _ Ref=1KI_17:12!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | מְקֹשֶׁשֶׁת *\[am\] gathering* | participle active · poel | ְנִי *I* | עֵצִים *wood(s)* | | | | בָאתִי *I will go* | qatal · qal | | | | | | עֲשִׂיתִי *I* | qatal · qal | | הוּ *will prepare it* | | | | אֲכַלְנֻ *we* | qatal · qal | בְנ *son* | הוּ *will eat it* | | | | מָֽתְנוּ *we will die* | weqatal · qal | בְנ *son* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרַת קַיָם הוּא יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ אִם אִית לִי מִדַעַם אֱלָהֵין מְלִי פִיסַת יְדָא קִמְחָא בְּמָנָא וּזְעֵיר מִשְׁחָא בִּצְלוּחִיתָא וְהָא אֲנָא מְגַבְּבָא תְּרֵין אָעִין וְאֵיהַךְ וְאֶעְבְּדִינֵיהּ לִי וְלִבְרִי וְנֵיכְלִינֵיהּ וּנְמוּת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And she said: 'As the LORD thy God liveth, I have not a cake, only a handful of meal in the jar, and a little oil in the cruse; and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.637/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:611`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 17:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.11/) - next →: [1 Kings 17:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.17.13/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/17/)