--- title: 1 Kings 18:4 — for it was so, when Jezebel cut off the prophets of the LORD, that O… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: for it was so, when Jezebel cut off the prophets of the LORD, that Obadiah took a hundred prophets, and hid them fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water. — Who acts: it, Jezebel, Obadiah. 1 Kings 18:4 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of ever --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/) / 18:4 # 1 Kings 18:4 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** it, Jezebel, Obadiah · **What happens:** be, cut off, take, hide, feed · **To what, where:** prophets, hundred prophets, cave This is 1 Kings 18:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, Jezebel, Obadiah — and what happens in the verse to prophets, hundred prophets, cave, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִי֙ בְּהַכְרִ֣ית אִיזֶ֔בֶל אֵ֖ת נְבִיאֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּקַּ֨ח עֹבַדְיָ֜הוּ מֵאָ֣ה נְבִאִ֗ים וַֽיַּחְבִּיאֵ֞ם חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אִישׁ֙ בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה וְכִלְכְּלָ֖ם לֶ֥חֶם וָמָֽיִם׃ [for it was so, when Jezebel cut off the prophets of the LORD, that Obadiah took a hundred prophets, and hid them fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.654/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:627 # text = וַיְהִי֙ בְּהַכְרִ֣ית אִיזֶ֔בֶל אֵ֖ת נְבִיאֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּקַּ֨ח עֹבַדְיָ֜הוּ מֵאָ֣ה נְבִאִ֗ים וַֽיַּחְבִּיאֵ֞ם חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים אִישׁ֙ בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה וְכִלְכְּלָ֖ם לֶ֥חֶם וָמָֽיִם׃ # verse = 1KI.18.4 1-2 וַיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:4!1|MId=o110180040011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_18:4!1|MId=o110180040012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בְּהַכְרִ֣ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=1KI_18:4!2|MId=o110180040021|Strong=0871a 4 הַכְרִ֣ית כָּרַת VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=cut.off|Ref=1KI_18:4!2|MId=o110180040022|Strong=3772|Frame=AA:110180040031;A0:110180040051;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 אִיזֶ֔בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_18:4!3|MId=o110180040031|Strong=0348 6 אֵ֖ת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_18:4!4|MId=o110180040041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7 נְבִיאֵ֣י נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obj _ Gloss=the.prophets|Ref=1KI_18:4!5|MId=o110180040051|Strong=5030 8 יְהוָ֑ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=1KI_18:4!6|MId=o110180040061|Strong=3068 9-10 וַיִּקַּ֨ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:4!7|MId=o110180040071|Strong=2050b 10 יִּקַּ֨ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.took|Ref=1KI_18:4!7|MId=o110180040072|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:110180040081;A1:110180040101;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 עֹבַדְיָ֜הוּ עֹבַדְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Obadiah|Ref=1KI_18:4!8|MId=o110180040081|Strong=5662a 12 מֵאָ֣ה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 13 nummod _ Gloss=one.hundred|Ref=1KI_18:4!9|MId=o110180040091|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 13 נְבִאִ֗ים נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 obj _ Gloss=prophets|Ref=1KI_18:4!10|MId=o110180040101|Strong=5030 14-16 וַֽיַּחְבִּיאֵ֞ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:4!11|MId=o110180040111|Strong=2050b 15 יַּחְבִּיא חָבָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_18:4!11|MId=o110180040112|Strong=2244|Frame=AA:110180040081;A0:110180040113;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 ֵ֞ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=hid.them|Ref=1KI_18:4!11|MId=o110180040113|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 17 חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Number=Plur 18 nummod _ Gloss=fifty|Ref=1KI_18:4!12|MId=o110180040121|Strong=2572|Type=cardinal_number 18 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=man|Ref=1KI_18:4!13|MId=o110180040131|Strong=0376 19-21 בַּמְּעָרָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_18:4!14|MId=o110180040141|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_18:4!14|MId=o110180040141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מְּעָרָ֔ה מְעָרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=cave|Ref=1KI_18:4!14|MId=o110180040142|Strong=4631 22-24 וְכִלְכְּלָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:4!15|MId=o110180040151|Strong=2050b 23 כִלְכְּל כּוּל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_18:4!15|MId=o110180040152|Strong=3557|Frame=A0:110180040081;A2:110180040153;A1:110180040161;110180040172;|Type=qatal 24 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ Gloss=supplied.them|Ref=1KI_18:4!15|MId=o110180040153|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 25 לֶ֥חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 xcomp _ Gloss=food|Ref=1KI_18:4!16|MId=o110180040161|Strong=3899 26-27 וָמָֽיִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:4!17|MId=o110180040171|Strong=2050b 27 מָֽיִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 conj _ Gloss=water|Ref=1KI_18:4!17|MId=o110180040172|Strong=4325 28 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 27 punct _ Ref=1KI_18:4!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הַכְרִית *cut off* | infinitive construct · hiphil | נְבִיאֵי *the prophets* | | | אִיזֶבֶל *Jezebel* | | יִּקַּח *he took* | wayyiqtol · qal | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* | נְבִאִים *prophets* | | | | יַּחְבִּיא *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֵם *hid them* | | | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* | | כִלְכְּל *he* | qatal · piel | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* | לֶחֶם *food* + מָֽיִם *water* | ָם *supplied them* | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד קְטַלַת אִיזֶבֶל יַת נְבִיאַיָא דַייָ וּדְבַר עוֹבַדְיָהוּ מְאָה גַבְרִין נְבִיאִין וְאַטְמְרִינוּן חַמְשִׁין גַבְרָא בִּמְעַרְתָּא וְסוֹבְרִינוּן בְּלַחְמָא וּבְמַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [for it was so, when Jezebel cut off the prophets of the LORD, that Obadiah took a hundred prophets, and hid them fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water. —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.654/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:627`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 18:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.3/) - next →: [1 Kings 18:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.5/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/)