--- title: 1 Kings 18:42 — So Ahab went up to eat and to drink. And Elijah went up to the top o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So Ahab went up to eat and to drink. And Elijah went up to the top of Carmel; and he bowed himself down upon the earth, and put his face between his knees. Who acts: Ahab, Elijah. 1 Kings 18:42 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/) / 18:42 # 1 Kings 18:42 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Ahab, Elijah · **What happens:** go up, eat, drink, bow down, put · **To what, where:** Elijah, face, knees This is 1 Kings 18:42 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahab, Elijah — and what happens in the verse to Elijah, face, knees, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה אַחְאָ֖ב לֶאֱכֹ֣ל וְלִשְׁתּ֑וֹת וְאֵ֨לִיָּ֜הוּ עָלָ֨ה אֶל־רֹ֤אשׁ הַכַּרְמֶל֙ וַיִּגְהַ֣ר אַ֔רְצָה וַיָּ֥שֶׂם פָּנָ֖יו בֵּ֥ין בִּרְכָּֽיו׃ [So Ahab went up to eat and to drink.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.695/) [And Elijah went up to the top of Carmel; and he bowed himself down upon the earth, and put his face between his knees.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.696/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:665 # text = וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה אַחְאָ֖ב לֶאֱכֹ֣ל וְלִשְׁתּ֑וֹת וְאֵ֨לִיָּ֜הוּ עָלָ֨ה אֶל־רֹ֤אשׁ הַכַּרְמֶל֙ וַיִּגְהַ֣ר אַ֔רְצָה וַיָּ֥שֶׂם פָּנָ֖יו בֵּ֥ין בִּרְכָּֽיו׃ # verse = 1KI.18.42 1-2 וַיַּעֲלֶ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:42!1|MId=o110180420011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעֲלֶ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went.up|Ref=1KI_18:42!1|MId=o110180420012|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:110180420021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַחְאָ֖ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_18:42!2|MId=o110180420021|Strong=0256 4-5 לֶאֱכֹ֣ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:42!3|MId=o110180420031|Strong=3807a 5 אֱכֹ֣ל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=eat|Ref=1KI_18:42!3|MId=o110180420032|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:110180420021;|Type=infinitive_construct 6-8 וְלִשְׁתּ֑וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:42!4|MId=o110180420041|Strong=2050b 7 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:42!4|MId=o110180420042|Strong=3807a 8 שְׁתּ֑וֹת שָׁתָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 5 conj _ Gloss=drink|Ref=1KI_18:42!4|MId=o110180420043|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:110180420021;|Type=infinitive_construct 9-10 וְאֵ֨לִיָּ֜הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:42!5|MId=o110180420051|Strong=2050b 10 אֵ֨לִיָּ֜הוּ אֵלִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Elijah|Ref=1KI_18:42!5|MId=o110180420052|Strong=0452 11 עָלָ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went.up|Ref=1KI_18:42!6|MId=o110180420061|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:110180420052;|Type=qatal 12 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:42!7|MId=o110180420071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 13 רֹ֤אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.top|Ref=1KI_18:42!8|MId=o110180420081|Strong=7218 14-15 הַכַּרְמֶל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1KI_18:42!9|MId=o110180420091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 כַּרְמֶל֙ כַּרְמֶל PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Carmel|Ref=1KI_18:42!9|MId=o110180420092|Strong=3760a 16-17 וַיִּגְהַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:42!10|MId=o110180420101|Strong=2050b 17 יִּגְהַ֣ר גָּהַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.bent.down|Ref=1KI_18:42!10|MId=o110180420102|Strong=1457|Frame=A0:110180420052;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 אַ֔רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אַ֔רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=1KI_18:42!11|MId=o110180420111|Strong=0776 19 ָה ה X _ _ 18 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=1KI_18:42!11|MId=o110180420112|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 20-21 וַיָּ֥שֶׂם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:42!12|MId=o110180420121|Strong=2050b 21 יָּ֥שֶׂם שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.put|Ref=1KI_18:42!12|MId=o110180420122|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:110180420052;A1:110180420131;|Type=wayyiqtol 22-23 פָּנָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 פָּנָ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 21 obj _ Gloss=face|Ref=1KI_18:42!13|MId=o110180420131|Strong=6440 23 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_18:42!13|MId=o110180420132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24 בֵּ֥ין בֵּין ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=1KI_18:42!14|MId=o110180420141|Strong=0996 25-26 בִּרְכָּֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בִּרְכָּֽי בֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 21 obl _ Gloss=knees|Ref=1KI_18:42!16|MId=o110180420161|Strong=1290 26 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_18:42!16|MId=o110180420162|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=1KI_18:42!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעֲלֶה *he went up* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | אֱכֹל *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | שְׁתּוֹת *drink* | infinitive construct · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | עָלָה *he went up* | qatal · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | | | | יִּגְהַר *he bent down* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | | | | יָּשֶׂם *he put* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | פָּנָי *face* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּסְלֵיק אַחְאָב לְמֵיכַל וּלְמִשְׁתֵּי וְאֵלִיָהוּ סְלִיק לְרֵישׁ טוּרָא דְכַרְמֶלָא וּנְחִין לְאַרְעָא וְשַׁוֵי אַפּוֹהִי בֵּין בִּרְכוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So Ahab went up to eat and to drink.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.695/) 2. [And Elijah went up to the top of Carmel; and he bowed himself down upon the earth, and put his face between his knees.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.696/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:665`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 18:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.41/) - next →: [1 Kings 18:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.43/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/)