--- title: 1 Kings 18:44 — And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said: 'Behold, ther… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said: 'Behold, there ariseth a cloud out of the sea, as small as a man's hand.' And he said: 'Go up, say unto Ahab: Make ready thy chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not.' Who acts: sea, Elijah, cloud, rain. 1 Kings 18:44 in Hebrew wi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/) / 18:44 # 1 Kings 18:44 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** sea, Elijah, cloud, rain · **What happens:** come, pass, say, arise, go up, make · **To what, where:** sea, chariot, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 18:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sea, Elijah, cloud, rain — and what happens in the verse to sea, chariot, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה־עָ֛ב קְטַנָּ֥ה כְּכַף־אִ֖ישׁ עֹלָ֣ה מִיָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֲלֵ֨ה אֱמֹ֤ר אֶל־אַחְאָב֙ אֱסֹ֣ר וָרֵ֔ד וְלֹ֥א יַעַצָרְכָ֖ה הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃ [And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said: 'Behold, there ariseth a cloud out of the sea, as small as a man's hand.' And he said: 'Go up, say unto Ahab: Make ready thy chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.698/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:667 # text = וַֽיְהִי֙ בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הִנֵּה־עָ֛ב קְטַנָּ֥ה כְּכַף־אִ֖ישׁ עֹלָ֣ה מִיָּ֑ם וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֲלֵ֨ה אֱמֹ֤ר אֶל־אַחְאָב֙ אֱסֹ֣ר וָרֵ֔ד וְלֹ֥א יַעַצָרְכָ֖ה הַגָּֽשֶׁם׃ # verse = 1KI.18.44 1-2 וַֽיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:44!1|MId=o110180440011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_18:44!1|MId=o110180440012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-5 בַּשְּׁבִעִ֔ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=1KI_18:44!2|MId=o110180440021|Strong=0871a 4 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the.seventh|Ref=1KI_18:44!2|MId=o110180440021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 שְּׁבִעִ֔ית שְׁבִיעִי NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=[time]|Ref=1KI_18:44!2|MId=o110180440022|Strong=7637|Type=ordinal_number 6-7 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:44!3|MId=o110180440031|Strong=2050b 7 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_18:44!3|MId=o110180440032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110180430031;|Type=wayyiqtol 8 הִנֵּה־ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 14 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1KI_18:44!4|MId=o110180440041|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 9 עָ֛ב עָב NOUN _ Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=a.cloud|Ref=1KI_18:44!5|MId=o110180440051|Strong=5645 10 קְטַנָּ֥ה קָטָן ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 9 amod _ Gloss=small|Ref=1KI_18:44!6|MId=o110180440061|Strong=6996|Type=adjective 11-12 כְּכַף־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 כְּ כְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=like.[the]|Ref=1KI_18:44!7|MId=o110180440071|Strong=3509a 12 כַף־ כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nmod _ Gloss=palm|Ref=1KI_18:44!7|MId=o110180440072|Strong=3709 13 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.person|Ref=1KI_18:44!8|MId=o110180440081|Strong=0376 14 עֹלָ֣ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 7 ccomp _ Gloss=[is].coming.up|Ref=1KI_18:44!9|MId=o110180440091|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:110180440051;|Type=participle_active 15-16 מִיָּ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=1KI_18:44!10|MId=o110180440101|Strong=4480 16 יָּ֑ם יָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=sea|Ref=1KI_18:44!10|MId=o110180440102|Strong=3220 17-18 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:44!11|MId=o110180440111|Strong=2050b 18 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_18:44!11|MId=o110180440112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110180420052;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 עֲלֵ֨ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 18 ccomp _ Gloss=go.up|Ref=1KI_18:44!12|MId=o110180440121|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:110180430031;|Type=imperative 20 אֱמֹ֤ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 19 parataxis _ Gloss=say|Ref=1KI_18:44!13|MId=o110180440131|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110180430031;|Type=imperative 21 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:44!14|MId=o110180440141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 22 אַחְאָב֙ אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_18:44!15|MId=o110180440151|Strong=0256 23 אֱסֹ֣ר אָסַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 20 ccomp _ Gloss=harness|Ref=1KI_18:44!16|MId=o110180440161|Strong=0631|Frame=A0:110180440151;|Type=imperative 24-25 וָרֵ֔ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:44!17|MId=o110180440171|Strong=2050b 25 רֵ֔ד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 23 conj _ Gloss=go.down|Ref=1KI_18:44!17|MId=o110180440172|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:110180440151;|Type=imperative 26-27 וְלֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:44!18|MId=o110180440181|Strong=2050b 27 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_18:44!18|MId=o110180440182|Strong=3808|Type=negative 28-29 יַעַצָרְכָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 יַעַצָר עָצַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 conj _ Gloss=it|Ref=1KI_18:44!19|MId=o110180440191|Strong=6113|Frame=A1:110180440192;A0:110180440202;|Type=yiqtol 29 ְכָ֖ה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=will.hold.you.back|Ref=1KI_18:44!19|MId=o110180440192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 הַגָּֽשֶׁם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_18:44!20|MId=o110180440201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 גָּֽשֶׁם גֶּשֶׁם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=rain|Ref=1KI_18:44!20|MId=o110180440202|Strong=1653 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=1KI_18:44!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | עֹלָה *\[is\] coming up* | participle active · qal | עָב *a cloud* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | עֲלֵה *go up* | imperative · qal | | | | | | אֱמֹר *say* | imperative · qal | | | | | | אֱסֹר *harness* | imperative · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | רֵד *go down* | imperative · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | **not** יַעַצָר *it* | yiqtol · qal | גָּֽשֶׁם *rain* | ְכָה *will hold you back* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּזִמְנָא שְׁבִיעֵיתָא וַאֲמַר הָא עֲנָנָא סְלִיק זְעֵירָא כְּפִיסַת יַד גְבַר סָלֵיק מִמְעַרְבָא וַאֲמַר סַק אֱמַר לְאַחְאָב אִזְדָרַז וְחוּת וְלָא יְעַכְּבִינָךְ מַטְרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass at the seventh time, that he said: 'Behold, there ariseth a cloud out of the sea, as small as a man's hand.' And he said: 'Go up, say unto Ahab: Make ready thy chariot, and get thee down, that the rain stop thee not.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.698/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:667`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 18:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.43/) - next →: [1 Kings 18:45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.45/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/)