--- title: 1 Kings 18:5 — And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the sprin… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the springs of water, and unto all the brooks; peradventure we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we lose not all the beasts.' Who acts: Ahab, we. 1 Kings 18:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 19 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/) / 18:5 # 1 Kings 18:5 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Ahab, we · **What happens:** say, go, find, save, not lose · **To what, where:** land, grass, horses, beasts · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 18:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahab, we — and what happens in the verse to land, grass, horses, beasts, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַחְאָב֙ אֶל־עֹ֣בַדְיָ֔הוּ לֵ֤ךְ בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶל־כָּל־מַעְיְנֵ֣י הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־הַנְּחָלִ֑ים אוּלַ֣י ׀ נִמְצָ֣א חָצִ֗יר וּנְחַיֶּה֙ ס֣וּס וָפֶ֔רֶד וְל֥וֹא נַכְרִ֖ית מֵהַבְּהֵמָֽה׃ [And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the springs of water, and unto all the brooks; peradventure we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we lose not all the beasts.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.655/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:628 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַחְאָב֙ אֶל־עֹ֣בַדְיָ֔הוּ לֵ֤ךְ בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶל־כָּל־מַעְיְנֵ֣י הַמַּ֔יִם וְאֶ֖ל כָּל־הַנְּחָלִ֑ים אוּלַ֣י ׀ נִמְצָ֣א חָצִ֗יר וּנְחַיֶּה֙ ס֣וּס וָפֶ֔רֶד וְל֥וֹא נַכְרִ֖ית מֵהַבְּהֵמָֽה׃ # verse = 1KI.18.5 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:5!1|MId=o110180050011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_18:5!1|MId=o110180050012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110180050021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַחְאָב֙ אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_18:5!2|MId=o110180050021|Strong=0256 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:5!3|MId=o110180050031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 עֹ֣בַדְיָ֔הוּ עֹבַדְיָהוּ PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Obadiah|Ref=1KI_18:5!4|MId=o110180050041|Strong=5662a 6 לֵ֤ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=go|Ref=1KI_18:5!5|MId=o110180050051|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110180050041;|Type=imperative 7-9 בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_18:5!6|MId=o110180050061|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_18:5!6|MId=o110180050061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 אָ֙רֶץ֙ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=land|Ref=1KI_18:5!6|MId=o110180050062|Strong=0776 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:5!7|MId=o110180050071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_18:5!8|MId=o110180050081|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 12 מַעְיְנֵ֣י מַעְיָן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.springs|Ref=1KI_18:5!9|MId=o110180050091|Strong=4599 13-14 הַמַּ֔יִם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=1KI_18:5!10|MId=o110180050101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מַּ֔יִם מַיִם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=water|Ref=1KI_18:5!10|MId=o110180050102|Strong=4325 15-16 וְאֶ֖ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:5!11|MId=o110180050111|Strong=2050b 16 אֶ֖ל אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_18:5!11|MId=o110180050112|Strong=0413 17 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_18:5!12|MId=o110180050121|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הַנְּחָלִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_18:5!13|MId=o110180050131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 נְּחָלִ֑ים נַחַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=wadis|Ref=1KI_18:5!13|MId=o110180050132|Strong=5158 20 אוּלַ֣י אוּלַי ADV _ _ 22 advmod _ Gloss=perhaps|Ref=1KI_18:5!14|MId=o110180050141|Strong=0194 21 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 20 punct _ Ref=1KI_18:5!14 22 נִמְצָ֣א מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 6 parataxis _ Gloss=we.will.find|Ref=1KI_18:5!15|MId=o110180050151|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:110180050041;110180050021;A1:110180050161;|Type=yiqtol 23 חָצִ֗יר חָצִיר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=grass|Ref=1KI_18:5!16|MId=o110180050161|Strong=2682 24-25 וּנְחַיֶּה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:5!17|MId=o110180050171|Strong=2050b 25 נְחַיֶּה֙ חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Plur|Person=1 22 conj _ Gloss=we.will.preserve.alive|Ref=1KI_18:5!17|MId=o110180050172|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:110180050041;110180050021;A1:110180050181;110180050192;|Type=yiqtol 26 ס֣וּס סוּס NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=horse|Ref=1KI_18:5!18|MId=o110180050181|Strong=5483 27-28 וָפֶ֔רֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:5!19|MId=o110180050191|Strong=2050b 28 פֶ֔רֶד פֶּרֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 conj _ Gloss=mule|Ref=1KI_18:5!19|MId=o110180050192|Strong=6505 29-30 וְל֥וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_18:5!20|MId=o110180050201|Strong=2050b 30 ל֥וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 31 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_18:5!20|MId=o110180050202|Strong=3808|Type=negative 31 נַכְרִ֖ית כָּרַת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=1 22 conj _ Gloss=we.will.cut.off|Ref=1KI_18:5!21|MId=o110180050211|Strong=3772|Frame=A0:110180050041;110180050021;|Type=yiqtol 32-34 מֵהַבְּהֵמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=any|Ref=1KI_18:5!22|MId=o110180050221|Strong=4480 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_18:5!22|MId=o110180050222|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 בְּהֵמָֽה בְּהֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 31 obl _ Gloss=the.livestock|Ref=1KI_18:5!22|MId=o110180050223|Strong=0929 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1KI_18:5!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | לֵךְ *go* | imperative · qal | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* | | | | | נִמְצָא *we will find* | yiqtol · qal | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* + אַחְאָב *Ahab* | חָצִיר *grass* | | | | נְחַיֶּה *we will preserve alive* | yiqtol · piel | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* + אַחְאָב *Ahab* | סוּס *horse* + פֶרֶד *mule* | | | | **not** נַכְרִית *we will cut off* | yiqtol · hiphil | עֹבַדְיָהוּ *Obadiah* + אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר אַחְאָב לְעוֹבַדְיָהוּ הֲלִיךְ בְּאַרְעָא עַל כָּל מַבּוּעֵי מַיָא וְעַל כָּל נַחְלַיָא מָאִים נִשְׁכַּח עִסְבָּא וּנְקַיֵם סוּסְוָּן וְכוּדַנְוָן וְלָא נִפְסוֹק מִבְּעִירָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Ahab said unto Obadiah: 'Go through the land, unto all the springs of water, and unto all the brooks; peradventure we may find grass and save the horses and mules alive, that we lose not all the beasts.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.655/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:628`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 18:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.4/) - next →: [1 Kings 18:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.6/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/18/)