--- title: 1 Kings 19:1 — And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he ha… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he had slain all the prophets with the sword. Who acts: Ahab, Elijah. 1 Kings 19:1 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/) / 19:1 # 1 Kings 19:1 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Ahab, Elijah · **What happens:** tell, do, slay · **To what, where:** all, Jezebel, prophets · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 19:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahab, Elijah — and what happens in the verse to all, Jezebel, prophets, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּגֵּ֤ד אַחְאָב֙ לְאִיזֶ֔בֶל אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה אֵלִיָּ֑הוּ וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרַ֛ג אֶת־כָּל־הַנְּבִיאִ֖ים בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ [And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he had slain all the prophets with the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.702/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:670 # text = וַיַּגֵּ֤ד אַחְאָב֙ לְאִיזֶ֔בֶל אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשָׂ֖ה אֵלִיָּ֑הוּ וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָרַ֛ג אֶת־כָּל־הַנְּבִיאִ֖ים בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ # verse = 1KI.19.1 1-2 וַיַּגֵּ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:1!1|MId=o110190010011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּגֵּ֤ד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.told|Ref=1KI_19:1!1|MId=o110190010012|Strong=5046|Frame=AA:110190010021;A0:110190010051;110190010101;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַחְאָב֙ אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_19:1!2|MId=o110190010021|Strong=0256 4-5 לְאִיזֶ֔בֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_19:1!3|MId=o110190010031|Strong=3807a 5 אִיזֶ֔בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_19:1!3|MId=o110190010032|Strong=0348 6 אֵ֛ת אֵת ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_19:1!4|MId=o110190010041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 7 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_19:1!5|MId=o110190010051|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 8 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1KI_19:1!6|MId=o110190010061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9 עָשָׂ֖ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.done|Ref=1KI_19:1!7|MId=o110190010071|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110190010081;A1:110190010051;|Type=qatal 10 אֵלִיָּ֑הוּ אֵלִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 9 nsubj _ Gloss=Elijah|Ref=1KI_19:1!8|MId=o110190010081|Strong=0452 11-12 וְאֵ֨ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:1!9|MId=o110190010091|Strong=2050b 12 אֵ֨ת אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_19:1!9|MId=o110190010092|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 13 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_19:1!10|MId=o110190010101|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 14 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1KI_19:1!11|MId=o110190010111|Strong=0834|Type=relative 15 הָרַ֛ג הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.killed|Ref=1KI_19:1!12|MId=o110190010121|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:110190010081;A1:110190010152;|Type=qatal 16 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_19:1!13|MId=o110190010131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 17 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_19:1!14|MId=o110190010141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 18-19 הַנְּבִיאִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_19:1!15|MId=o110190010151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 נְּבִיאִ֖ים נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=prophets|Ref=1KI_19:1!15|MId=o110190010152|Strong=5030 20-22 בֶּחָֽרֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=1KI_19:1!16|MId=o110190010161|Strong=0871a 21 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_19:1!16|MId=o110190010161ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 חָֽרֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=1KI_19:1!16|MId=o110190010162|Strong=2719 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=1KI_19:1!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּגֵּד *he told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | כָּל־ *all* + כָּל־ *all* | | | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | עָשָׂה *he had done* | qatal · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | כָּל־ *all* | | | | הָרַג *he had killed* | qatal · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | נְּבִיאִים *prophets* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְחַוֵי אַחְאָב לְאִיזֶבֶל יַת כָּל דִי עֲבַד אֵלִיָהוּ וְיַת כָּל דִקְטַל יַת כָּל נְבִיֵי שִׁקְרָא בְּחַרְבָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he had slain all the prophets with the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.702/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:670`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 18:46](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.18.46/) - next →: [1 Kings 19:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.2/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/)