--- title: 1 Kings 19:13 — And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in the entrance of the cave. And, behold, there came a voice unto him, and said: 'What doest thou here, Elijah?' Who acts: it, Elijah, voice. 1 Kings 19:13 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.13/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/) / 19:13 # 1 Kings 19:13 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** it, Elijah, voice · **What happens:** be, hear, wrap, go out, stand, come · **To what, where:** earthquake, face, mantle, entrance · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 19:13 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — it, Elijah, voice — and what happens in the verse to earthquake, face, mantle, entrance, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ אֵלִיָּ֗הוּ וַיָּ֤לֶט פָּנָיו֙ בְּאַדַּרְתּ֔וֹ וַיֵּצֵ֕א וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד פֶּ֣תַח הַמְּעָרָ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ ק֔וֹל וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מַה־לְּךָ֥ פֹ֖ה אֵלִיָּֽהוּ׃ [And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in the entrance of the cave.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.715/) [And, behold, there came a voice unto him, and said: 'What doest thou here, Elijah?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.716/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:682 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ אֵלִיָּ֗הוּ וַיָּ֤לֶט פָּנָיו֙ בְּאַדַּרְתּ֔וֹ וַיֵּצֵ֕א וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד פֶּ֣תַח הַמְּעָרָ֑ה וְהִנֵּ֤ה אֵלָיו֙ ק֔וֹל וַיֹּ֕אמֶר מַה־לְּךָ֥ פֹ֖ה אֵלִיָּֽהוּ׃ # verse = 1KI.19.13 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:13!1|MId=o110190130011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_19:13!1|MId=o110190130012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=1KI_19:13!1 4-5 כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=1KI_19:13!2|MId=o110190130021|Strong=3509a 5 שְׁמֹ֣עַ שָׁמַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=as.heard|Ref=1KI_19:13!2|MId=o110190130022|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110190130031;|Type=infinitive_construct 6 אֵלִיָּ֗הוּ אֵלִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Elijah|Ref=1KI_19:13!3|MId=o110190130031|Strong=0452 7-8 וַיָּ֤לֶט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:13!4|MId=o110190130041|Strong=2050b 8 יָּ֤לֶט לוּט VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.wrapped|Ref=1KI_19:13!4|MId=o110190130042|Strong=3874|Frame=AA:110190130031;A0:110190130051;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 פָּנָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 פָּנָי פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 8 obj _ Gloss=face|Ref=1KI_19:13!5|MId=o110190130051|Strong=6440 10 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_19:13!5|MId=o110190130052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-13 בְּאַדַּרְתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_19:13!6|MId=o110190130061|Strong=0871a 12 אַדַּרְתּ אַדֶּרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=cloak|Ref=1KI_19:13!6|MId=o110190130062|Strong=0155 13 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_19:13!6|MId=o110190130063|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַיֵּצֵ֕א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:13!7|MId=o110190130071|Strong=2050b 15 יֵּצֵ֕א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went.out|Ref=1KI_19:13!7|MId=o110190130072|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:110190130031;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:13!8|MId=o110190130081|Strong=2050b 17 יַּעֲמֹ֖ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.stood|Ref=1KI_19:13!8|MId=o110190130082|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:110190130031;|Type=wayyiqtol 18 פֶּ֣תַח פֶּתַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=the.entrance|Ref=1KI_19:13!9|MId=o110190130091|Strong=6607 19-20 הַמְּעָרָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_19:13!10|MId=o110190130101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מְּעָרָ֑ה מְעָרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.cave|Ref=1KI_19:13!10|MId=o110190130102|Strong=4631 21-22 וְהִנֵּ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:13!11|MId=o110190130111|Strong=2050b 22 הִנֵּ֤ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 24 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1KI_19:13!11|MId=o110190130112|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 23-24 אֵלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אֵלָי אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=[was].to|Ref=1KI_19:13!12|MId=o110190130121|Strong=0413 24 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_19:13!12|MId=o110190130122|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 ק֔וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=a.voice|Ref=1KI_19:13!13|MId=o110190130131|Strong=6963 26-27 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:13!14|MId=o110190130141|Strong=2050b 27 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.said|Ref=1KI_19:13!14|MId=o110190130142|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110190130131;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 מַה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 30 nsubj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=1KI_19:13!15|MId=o110190130151|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 לְּךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=[is].to|Ref=1KI_19:13!16|MId=o110190130161|Strong=3807a 30 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 ccomp _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_19:13!16|MId=o110190130162|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 31 פֹ֖ה פֹּה ADV _ _ 30 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=1KI_19:13!17|MId=o110190130171|Strong=6311 32 אֵלִיָּֽהוּ אֵלִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 30 parataxis _ Gloss=O.Elijah|Ref=1KI_19:13!18|MId=o110190130181|Strong=0452|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1KI_19:13!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁמֹעַ *as heard* | infinitive construct · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | | | | יָּלֶט *he wrapped* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | פָּנָי *face* | | | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | יֵּצֵא *he went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | | | | יַּעֲמֹד *he stood* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *it said* | wayyiqtol · qal | קוֹל *a voice* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד שְׁמַע אֵלִיָהוּ וּכְרִיךְ אַפּוֹהִי בְּשׁוֹשִׁיפֵיהּ וּנְפַק וְקָם בִּתְרַע מְעַרְתָּא וְהָא עִמֵיהּ קָלָא וַאֲמַר מַה לָךְ כָּא אֵלִיָהוּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it was so, when Elijah heard it, that he wrapped his face in his mantle, and went out, and stood in the entrance of the cave.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.715/) 2. [And, behold, there came a voice unto him, and said: 'What doest thou here, Elijah?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.716/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:682`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 19:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.12/) - next →: [1 Kings 19:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.14/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/)