--- title: 1 Kings 19:19 — So he departed thence, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So he departed thence, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing, with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth; and Elijah passed over unto him, and cast his mantle upon him. Who acts: Elisha, son, Elijah. 1 Kings 19:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/) / 19:19 # 1 Kings 19:19 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Elisha, son, Elijah · **What happens:** depart, find, plow, pass over, cast · **To what, where:** Elisha, mantle This is 1 Kings 19:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Elisha, son, Elijah — and what happens in the verse to Elisha, mantle, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ מִ֠שָּׁם וַיִּמְצָ֞א אֶת־אֱלִישָׁ֤ע בֶּן־שָׁפָט֙ וְה֣וּא חֹרֵ֔שׁ שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר צְמָדִים֙ לְפָנָ֔יו וְה֖וּא בִּשְׁנֵ֣ים הֶעָשָׂ֑ר וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר אֵלִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֵלָ֔יו וַיַּשְׁלֵ֥ךְ אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹ אֵלָֽיו׃ [So he departed thence, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing, with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth; and Elijah passed over unto him, and cast his mantle upon him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.722/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:688 # text = וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ מִ֠שָּׁם וַיִּמְצָ֞א אֶת־אֱלִישָׁ֤ע בֶּן־שָׁפָט֙ וְה֣וּא חֹרֵ֔שׁ שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֤ר צְמָדִים֙ לְפָנָ֔יו וְה֖וּא בִּשְׁנֵ֣ים הֶעָשָׂ֑ר וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר אֵלִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֵלָ֔יו וַיַּשְׁלֵ֥ךְ אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹ אֵלָֽיו׃ # verse = 1KI.19.19 1-2 וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:19!1|MId=o110190190011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּ֣לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1KI_19:19!1|MId=o110190190012|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110190130031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 מִ֠שָּׁם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ֠ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_19:19!2|MId=o110190190021|Strong=4480 4 שָּׁם שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=there|Ref=1KI_19:19!2|MId=o110190190022|Strong=8033 5-6 וַיִּמְצָ֞א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:19!3|MId=o110190190031|Strong=2050b 6 יִּמְצָ֞א מָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.found|Ref=1KI_19:19!3|MId=o110190190032|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:110190130031;A1:110190190051;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_19:19!4|MId=o110190190041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 8 אֱלִישָׁ֤ע אֱלִישָׁע PROPN _ _ 6 obj _ Gloss=Elisha|Ref=1KI_19:19!5|MId=o110190190051|Strong=0477 9 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1KI_19:19!6|MId=o110190190061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 10 שָׁפָט֙ שָׁפָט PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Shaphat|Ref=1KI_19:19!7|MId=o110190190071|Strong=8202 11-12 וְה֣וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:19!8|MId=o110190190081|Strong=2050b 12 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_19:19!8|MId=o110190190082|Strong=1931|Type=personal 13 חֹרֵ֔שׁ חָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].plowing|Ref=1KI_19:19!9|MId=o110190190091|Strong=2790|Frame=A0:110190190082;|Type=participle_active 14 שְׁנֵים־ שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 16 nummod _ Gloss=two.plus|Ref=1KI_19:19!10|MId=o110190190101|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 15 עָשָׂ֤ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=1KI_19:19!11|MId=o110190190111|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 16 צְמָדִים֙ צֶמֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ Gloss=pairs|Ref=1KI_19:19!12|MId=o110190190121|Strong=6776 17-19 לְפָנָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=[were]|Ref=1KI_19:19!13|MId=o110190190131|Strong=3807a 18 פָנָ֔י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 parataxis _ Gloss=before|Ref=1KI_19:19!13|MId=o110190190132|Strong=6440 19 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_19:19!13|MId=o110190190133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 20-21 וְה֖וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:19!14|MId=o110190190141|Strong=2050b 21 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_19:19!14|MId=o110190190142|Strong=1931|Type=personal 22-23 בִּשְׁנֵ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[was].with|Ref=1KI_19:19!15|MId=o110190190151|Strong=0871a 23 שְׁנֵ֣ים שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 2 conj _ Gloss=two.plus|Ref=1KI_19:19!15|MId=o110190190152|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 24-25 הֶעָשָׂ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הֶ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_19:19!16|MId=o110190190161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 עָשָׂ֑ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=1KI_19:19!16|MId=o110190190162|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 26-27 וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:19!17|MId=o110190190171|Strong=2050b 27 יַּעֲבֹ֤ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.passed.on|Ref=1KI_19:19!17|MId=o110190190172|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:110190190181;|Type=wayyiqtol 28 אֵלִיָּ֙הוּ֙ אֵלִיָּהוּ PROPN _ _ 27 nsubj _ Gloss=Elijah|Ref=1KI_19:19!18|MId=o110190190181|Strong=0452 29-30 אֵלָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 אֵלָ֔י אֶל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_19:19!19|MId=o110190190191|Strong=0413 30 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_19:19!19|MId=o110190190192|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 31-32 וַיַּשְׁלֵ֥ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_19:19!20|MId=o110190190201|Strong=2050b 32 יַּשְׁלֵ֥ךְ שָׁלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.threw|Ref=1KI_19:19!20|MId=o110190190202|Strong=7993|Frame=AA:110190190181;A0:110190190211;|Type=wayyiqtol 33-34 אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 אַדַּרְתּ אַדֶּרֶת NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=cloak|Ref=1KI_19:19!21|MId=o110190190211|Strong=0155 34 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_19:19!21|MId=o110190190212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 35-36 אֵלָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 אֵלָֽי אֶל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_19:19!22|MId=o110190190221|Strong=0413 36 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_19:19!22|MId=o110190190222|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=1KI_19:19!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּלֶךְ *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּמְצָא *he found* | wayyiqtol · qal | | אֱלִישָׁע *Elisha* | | | | חֹרֵשׁ *\[was\] plowing* | participle active · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | יַּעֲבֹר *he passed on* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | | | | | יַּשְׁלֵךְ *he threw* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אַדַּרְתּ *cloak* | | | אֵלִיָּהוּ *Elijah* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲזַל מִתַּמָן וְאַשְׁכַּח יַת אֱלִישָׁע בַּר שָׁפָט וְהוּא רָדֵי בִּתְרֵי עֲשַׂר פַּדְנִין דְתוֹרָא צְמִידִין קָדָמוֹהִי וְהוּא בְּחַד מִתְּרֵי עַסְרָא וַעֲבַר אֵלִיָהוּ לְוָתֵיהּ וּרְמָא שׁוֹשִׁיפֵיהּ עֲלוֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So he departed thence, and found Elisha the son of Shaphat, who was plowing, with twelve yoke of oxen before him, and he with the twelfth; and Elijah passed over unto him, and cast his mantle upon him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.722/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:688`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 19:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.18/) - next →: [1 Kings 19:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.19.20/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/19/)