--- title: 1 Kings 2:39 — And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the serva… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath. And they told Shimei, saying: 'Behold, thy servants are in Gath.' Who acts: servant, two, Shimei, servants. 1 Kings 2:39 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.39/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/2/) / 2:39 # 1 Kings 2:39 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** servant, two, Shimei, servants · **What happens:** come, pass, run away, tell, say, be · **To what, where:** end, Shimei, Gath · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 2:39 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servant, two, Shimei, servants — and what happens in the verse to end, Shimei, Gath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֗י מִקֵּץ֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֔ים וַיִּבְרְח֤וּ שְׁנֵֽי־עֲבָדִים֙ לְשִׁמְעִ֔י אֶל־אָכִ֥ישׁ בֶּֽן־מַעֲכָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ גַּ֑ת וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ לְשִׁמְעִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֥ה עֲבָדֶ֖יךָ בְּגַֽת׃ [And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.99/) [And they told Shimei, saying: 'Behold, thy servants are in Gath.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.100/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:91 # text = וַיְהִ֗י מִקֵּץ֙ שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֔ים וַיִּבְרְח֤וּ שְׁנֵֽי־עֲבָדִים֙ לְשִׁמְעִ֔י אֶל־אָכִ֥ישׁ בֶּֽן־מַעֲכָ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ גַּ֑ת וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ לְשִׁמְעִי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הִנֵּ֥ה עֲבָדֶ֖יךָ בְּגַֽת׃ # verse = 1KI.2.39 1-2 וַיְהִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:39!1|MId=o110020390011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֗י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_2:39!1|MId=o110020390012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 מִקֵּץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=from.[the]|Ref=1KI_2:39!2|MId=o110020390021|Strong=4480 4 קֵּץ֙ קֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=end|Ref=1KI_2:39!2|MId=o110020390022|Strong=7093 5 שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁלֹשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ Gloss=of.three|Ref=1KI_2:39!3|MId=o110020390031|Strong=7969|Type=cardinal_number 6 שָׁנִ֔ים שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=years|Ref=1KI_2:39!4|MId=o110020390041|Strong=8141 7-8 וַיִּבְרְח֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:39!5|MId=o110020390051|Strong=2050b 8 יִּבְרְח֤וּ בָּרַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.fled|Ref=1KI_2:39!5|MId=o110020390052|Strong=1272|Frame=A0:110020390071;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 שְׁנֵֽי־ שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 10 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=1KI_2:39!6|MId=o110020390061|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 10 עֲבָדִים֙ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1KI_2:39!7|MId=o110020390071|Strong=5650 11-12 לְשִׁמְעִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_2:39!8|MId=o110020390081|Strong=3807a 12 שִׁמְעִ֔י שִׁמְעִי PROPN _ _ 10 nmod _ Gloss=Shimei|Ref=1KI_2:39!8|MId=o110020390082|Strong=8096 13 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_2:39!9|MId=o110020390091|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 14 אָכִ֥ישׁ אָכִישׁ PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Achish|Ref=1KI_2:39!10|MId=o110020390101|Strong=0397 15 בֶּֽן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1KI_2:39!11|MId=o110020390111|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 16 מַעֲכָ֖ה מַעֲכָה PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Maacah|Ref=1KI_2:39!12|MId=o110020390121|Strong=4601 17 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 appos _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1KI_2:39!13|MId=o110020390131|Strong=4428 18 גַּ֑ת גַּת PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Gath|Ref=1KI_2:39!14|MId=o110020390141|Strong=1661 19-20 וַיַּגִּ֤ידוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:39!15|MId=o110020390151|Strong=2050b 20 יַּגִּ֤ידוּ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=people.told|Ref=1KI_2:39!15|MId=o110020390152|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 לְשִׁמְעִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_2:39!16|MId=o110020390161|Strong=3807a 22 שִׁמְעִי֙ שִׁמְעִי PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Shimei|Ref=1KI_2:39!16|MId=o110020390162|Strong=8096 23-24 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 29 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_2:39!17|MId=o110020390171|Strong=3807a 24 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 23 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_2:39!17|MId=o110020390172|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 הִנֵּ֥ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 29 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=1KI_2:39!18|MId=o110020390181|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 26-27 עֲבָדֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 עֲבָדֶ֖י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=1KI_2:39!19|MId=o110020390191|Strong=5650 27 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_2:39!19|MId=o110020390192|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 28-29 בְּגַֽת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=[are].in|Ref=1KI_2:39!20|MId=o110020390201|Strong=0871a 29 גַֽת גַּת PROPN _ _ 20 advcl _ Gloss=Gath|Ref=1KI_2:39!20|MId=o110020390202|Strong=1661 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=1KI_2:39!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּבְרְחוּ *they fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | עֲבָדִים *servants* | | | | | יַּגִּידוּ *people told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה מִסּוֹף תְּלַת שְׁנִין וְעָרָקוּ תְּרֵין עַבְדִין לְשִׁמְעִי לְוַת אָכִישׁ בַּר מַעֲכָה מַלְכָּא דְגַת וְחַוִיאוּ לְשִׁמְעִי לְמֵימָר הָא עַבְדָךְ בְּגַת: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass at the end of three years, that two of the servants of Shimei ran away unto Achish, son of Maacah, king of Gath.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.99/) 2. [And they told Shimei, saying: 'Behold, thy servants are in Gath.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.100/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:91`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 2:38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.38/) - next →: [1 Kings 2:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.40/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/2/)