--- title: 1 Kings 2:8 — And, behold, there is with thee Shimei the son of Gera, the Benjamit… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And, behold, there is with thee Shimei the son of Gera, the Benjamite, of Bahurim, who cursed me with a grievous curse in the day when I went to Mahanaim; but he came down to meet me at the Jordan, and I swore to him by the LORD, saying: I will not put thee to death with the sword. Who acts: Shimei, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/2/) / 2:8 # 1 Kings 2:8 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Shimei, Benjamite, I, Mahanaim · **What happens:** be, curse, go, come down, meet, swear · **To what, where:** me, Mahanaim, Jordan, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 2:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Shimei, Benjamite, I, Mahanaim — and what happens in the verse to me, Mahanaim, Jordan, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהִנֵּ֣ה עִ֠מְּךָ שִֽׁמְעִ֨י בֶן־גֵּרָ֥א בֶן־הַיְמִינִי֮ מִבַּחֻרִים֒ וְה֤וּא קִֽלְלַ֙נִי֙ קְלָלָ֣ה נִמְרֶ֔צֶת בְּי֖וֹם לֶכְתִּ֣י מַחֲנָ֑יִם וְהֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד לִקְרָאתִי֙ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וָאֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע ל֤וֹ בַֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְךָ֖ בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ [And, behold, there is with thee Shimei the son of Gera, the Benjamite, of Bahurim, who cursed me with a grievous curse in the day when I went to Mahanaim; but he came down to meet me at the Jordan, and I swore to him by the LORD, saying: I will not put thee to death with the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.65/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:60 # text = וְהִנֵּ֣ה עִ֠מְּךָ שִֽׁמְעִ֨י בֶן־גֵּרָ֥א בֶן־הַיְמִינִי֮ מִבַּחֻרִים֒ וְה֤וּא קִֽלְלַ֙נִי֙ קְלָלָ֣ה נִמְרֶ֔צֶת בְּי֖וֹם לֶכְתִּ֣י מַחֲנָ֑יִם וְהֽוּא־יָרַ֤ד לִקְרָאתִי֙ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וָאֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע ל֤וֹ בַֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אִם־אֲמִֽיתְךָ֖ בֶּחָֽרֶב׃ # verse = 1KI.2.8 1-2 וְהִנֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:8!1|MId=o110020080011|Strong=2050b 2 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 4 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=1KI_2:8!1|MId=o110020080012|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 3-4 עִ֠מְּךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עִ֠מּ עִם ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=[is].with|Ref=1KI_2:8!2|MId=o110020080021|Strong=5973 4 ְךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 0 root _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_2:8!2|MId=o110020080022|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5 שִֽׁמְעִ֨י שִׁמְעִי PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Shimei|Ref=1KI_2:8!3|MId=o110020080031|Strong=8096 6 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=1KI_2:8!4|MId=o110020080041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 7 גֵּרָ֥א גֵּרָא PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Gera|Ref=1KI_2:8!5|MId=o110020080051|Strong=1617 8 בֶן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=the.Ben-|Ref=1KI_2:8!6|MId=o110020080061|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הַיְמִינִי֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_2:8!7|MId=o110020080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 יְמִינִי֮ יְמִינִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=jaminite|Ref=1KI_2:8!7|MId=o110020080072|Strong=1145|Type=gentilic 11-12 מִבַּחֻרִים֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_2:8!8|MId=o110020080081|Strong=4480 12 בַּחֻרִים֒ בַּחֻרִים PROPN _ _ 8 nmod _ Gloss=Bahurim|Ref=1KI_2:8!8|MId=o110020080082|Strong=0980 13-14 וְה֤וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:8!9|MId=o110020080091|Strong=2050b 14 ה֤וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_2:8!9|MId=o110020080092|Strong=1931|Type=personal 15-16 קִֽלְלַ֙נִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 קִֽלְל קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_2:8!10|MId=o110020080101|Strong=7043|Frame=A0:110020080092;A1:110020080102;|Type=qatal 16 ַ֙נִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=cursed.me|Ref=1KI_2:8!10|MId=o110020080102|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 17 קְלָלָ֣ה קְלָלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=a.curse|Ref=1KI_2:8!11|MId=o110020080111|Strong=7045 18 נִמְרֶ֔צֶת מָרַץ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing 17 nmod _ Gloss=grievous|Ref=1KI_2:8!12|MId=o110020080121|Strong=4834|Frame=A0:110020080111;|Type=participle_active 19-20 בְּי֖וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_2:8!13|MId=o110020080131|Strong=0871a 20 י֖וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=the.day|Ref=1KI_2:8!13|MId=o110020080132|Strong=3117 21-22 לֶכְתִּ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 לֶכְתּ הלך VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 20 acl _ Gloss=went|Ref=1KI_2:8!14|MId=o110020080141|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110020080142;|Type=infinitive_construct 22 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_2:8!14|MId=o110020080142|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 23 מַחֲנָ֑יִם מַחֲנַיִם PROPN _ _ 21 obl _ Gloss=Mahanaim|Ref=1KI_2:8!15|MId=o110020080151|Strong=4266 24-25 וְהֽוּא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:8!16|MId=o110020080161|Strong=2050b 25 הֽוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=1KI_2:8!16|MId=o110020080162|Strong=1931|Type=personal 26 יָרַ֤ד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.came.down|Ref=1KI_2:8!17|MId=o110020080171|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:110020080162;|Type=qatal 27-29 לִקְרָאתִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_2:8!18|MId=o110020080181|Strong=3807a 28 קְרָאת קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 26 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=1KI_2:8!18|MId=o110020080182|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:110020080031;A1:110020080183;|Type=infinitive_construct 29 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=me|Ref=1KI_2:8!18|MId=o110020080183|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 30-31 הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_2:8!19|MId=o110020080191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 28 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=1KI_2:8!19|MId=o110020080192|Strong=3383 32-33 וָאֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_2:8!20|MId=o110020080201|Strong=2050b 33 אֶשָּׁ֨בַֽע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 4 conj _ Gloss=I.swore|Ref=1KI_2:8!20|MId=o110020080202|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:110020010031;|Type=wayyiqtol 34-35 ל֤וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 ל לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_2:8!21|MId=o110020080211|Strong=3807a 35 ֤וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_2:8!21|MId=o110020080212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 36-37 בַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 בַֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1KI_2:8!22|MId=o110020080221|Strong=0871a 37 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 33 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1KI_2:8!22|MId=o110020080222|Strong=3068 38-39 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 41 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_2:8!23|MId=o110020080231|Strong=3807a 39 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 38 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_2:8!23|MId=o110020080232|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110020010031;|Type=infinitive_construct 40 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 41 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=1KI_2:8!24|MId=o110020080241|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 41-42 אֲמִֽיתְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 אֲמִֽית מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 33 advcl _ Gloss=I|Ref=1KI_2:8!25|MId=o110020080251|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:110020010031;A0:110020080252;|Type=yiqtol 42 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 41 obj _ Gloss=will.put.you.to.death|Ref=1KI_2:8!25|MId=o110020080252|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 43-45 בֶּחָֽרֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 בֶּ בְּ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=1KI_2:8!26|MId=o110020080261|Strong=0871a 44 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 45 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_2:8!26|MId=o110020080261ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 45 חָֽרֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 41 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=1KI_2:8!26|MId=o110020080262|Strong=2719 46 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=1KI_2:8!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: promise - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | קִֽלְל *he* | qatal · piel | הוּא *he* | ַנִי *cursed me* | | | | נִמְרֶצֶת *grievous* | participle active · niphal | קְלָלָה *a curse* | | | | | לֶכְתּ *went* | infinitive construct · qal | ִי *I* | | | | | יָרַד *he came down* | qatal · qal | הֽוּא־ *he* | | | | | קְרָאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | שִֽׁמְעִי *Shimei* | ִי *me* | | | | אֶשָּׁבַֽע *I swore* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | אֲמִֽית *I* | yiqtol · hiphil | ְךָ *will put you to death* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְהָא עִמָךְ שִׁמְעִי בַר גֵרָא בַּר מִשֵׁבֶט בִּנְיָמִין מֵעוּלֵימַת וְהוּא לְוָטַנִי לְוָטָן מְרִירַן בְּיוֹמָא דַאֲזַלִית לְמַחֲנָיִם וְהוּא נְחַת לָקֳדָמוּתִי לְיַרְדְנָא וְקַיְמִית לֵיהּ בְּמֵימְרָא דַייָ לְמֵימָר דְלָא אֶקְטְלִינָךְ בְּחַרְבָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And, behold, there is with thee Shimei the son of Gera, the Benjamite, of Bahurim, who cursed me with a grievous curse in the day when I went to Mahanaim; but he came down to meet me at the Jordan, and I swore to him by the LORD, saying: I will not put thee to death with the sword.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.65/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:60`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 2:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.7/) - next →: [1 Kings 2:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.2.9/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/2/)