--- title: 1 Kings 20:22 — And the prophet came near to the king of Israel, and said unto him:… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the prophet came near to the king of Israel, and said unto him: 'Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest; for at the return of the year the king of Aram will come up against thee.' Who acts: prophet, thou, king, year. 1 Kings 20:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jon --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / 20:22 # 1 Kings 20:22 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** prophet, thou, king, year · **What happens:** come near, say, go, strengthen, mark, see · **To what, where:** thyself, return · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 20:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — prophet, thou, king, year — and what happens in the verse to thyself, return, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּגַּ֤שׁ הַנָּבִיא֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ לֵ֣ךְ הִתְחַזַּ֔ק וְדַ֥ע וּרְאֵ֖ה אֵ֣ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תַּעֲשֶׂ֑ה כִּ֚י לִתְשׁוּבַ֣ת הַשָּׁנָ֔ה מֶ֥לֶךְ אֲרָ֖ם עֹלֶ֥ה עָלֶֽיךָ׃ס [And the prophet came near to the king of Israel, and said unto him: 'Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest; for at the return of the year the king of Aram will come up against thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.748/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:712 # text = וַיִּגַּ֤שׁ הַנָּבִיא֙ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ לֵ֣ךְ הִתְחַזַּ֔ק וְדַ֥ע וּרְאֵ֖ה אֵ֣ת אֲשֶֽׁר־תַּעֲשֶׂ֑ה כִּ֚י לִתְשׁוּבַ֣ת הַשָּׁנָ֔ה מֶ֥לֶךְ אֲרָ֖ם עֹלֶ֥ה עָלֶֽיךָ׃ס # verse = 1KI.20.22 1-2 וַיִּגַּ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:22!1|MId=o110200220011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּגַּ֤שׁ נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.drew.near|Ref=1KI_20:22!1|MId=o110200220012|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:110200220022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַנָּבִיא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:22!2|MId=o110200220021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 נָּבִיא֙ נָבִיא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=prophet|Ref=1KI_20:22!2|MId=o110200220022|Strong=5030 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:22!3|MId=o110200220031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 מֶ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1KI_20:22!4|MId=o110200220041|Strong=4428 7 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=1KI_20:22!5|MId=o110200220051|Strong=3478 8-9 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:22!6|MId=o110200220061|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_20:22!6|MId=o110200220062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200220022;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 לוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 ל לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:22!7|MId=o110200220071|Strong=3807a 11 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_20:22!7|MId=o110200220072|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 12 לֵ֣ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 9 ccomp _ Gloss=go|Ref=1KI_20:22!8|MId=o110200220081|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110200220041;|Type=imperative 13 הִתְחַזַּ֔ק חָזַק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 parataxis _ Gloss=strengthen.yourself|Ref=1KI_20:22!9|MId=o110200220091|Strong=2388|Frame=A0:110200220041;|Type=imperative 14-15 וְדַ֥ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:22!10|MId=o110200220101|Strong=2050b 15 דַ֥ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 conj _ Gloss=know|Ref=1KI_20:22!10|MId=o110200220102|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:110200220041;A1:110200220141;|Type=imperative 16-17 וּרְאֵ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:22!11|MId=o110200220111|Strong=2050b 17 רְאֵ֖ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 15 conj _ Gloss=see|Ref=1KI_20:22!11|MId=o110200220112|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:110200220041;A1:110200220141;|Type=imperative 18 אֵ֣ת אֵת ADP _ _ 15 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_20:22!12|MId=o110200220121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 19 אֲשֶֽׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=1KI_20:22!13|MId=o110200220131|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 20 תַּעֲשֶׂ֑ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.will.do|Ref=1KI_20:22!14|MId=o110200220141|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110200220041;|Type=yiqtol 21 כִּ֚י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_20:22!15|MId=o110200220151|Strong=3588 22-23 לִתְשׁוּבַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:22!16|MId=o110200220161|Strong=3807a 23 תְשׁוּבַ֣ת תְּשׁוּבָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=the.return|Ref=1KI_20:22!16|MId=o110200220162|Strong=8666 24-25 הַשָּׁנָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_20:22!17|MId=o110200220171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 שָּׁנָ֔ה שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.year|Ref=1KI_20:22!17|MId=o110200220172|Strong=8141 26 מֶ֥לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=1KI_20:22!18|MId=o110200220181|Strong=4428 27 אֲרָ֖ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Aram|Ref=1KI_20:22!19|MId=o110200220191|Strong=0758 28 עֹלֶ֥ה עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 12 advcl _ Gloss=[will.be].coming.up|Ref=1KI_20:22!20|MId=o110200220201|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:110200220181;|Type=participle_active 29-30 עָלֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 עָלֶֽי עַל ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_20:22!21|MId=o110200220211|Strong=5921 30 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_20:22!21|MId=o110200220212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 31 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:22!21|SpaceAfter=No 32 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 30 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:22!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּגַּשׁ *he drew near* | wayyiqtol · qal | נָּבִיא *prophet* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | נָּבִיא *prophet* | | | | | לֵךְ *go* | imperative · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | הִתְחַזַּק *strengthen yourself* | imperative · hithpael | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | דַע *know* | imperative · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | תַּעֲשֶׂה *you will do* | | | | רְאֵה *see* | imperative · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | תַּעֲשֶׂה *you will do* | | | | תַּעֲשֶׂה *you will do* | yiqtol · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | | עֹלֶה *\[will be\] coming up* | participle active · qal | מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּקְרֵיב נְבִיָא לְוַת מַלְכָּא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ אֱזִיל אִתְקַף וְדַע וַחֲזֵי יַת דְתַעְבֵּיד אֲרֵי לִזְמַן סוֹפָא דְשַׁתָּא מַלְכָּא דַאֲרָם סָלִיק עֲלָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the prophet came near to the king of Israel, and said unto him: 'Go, strengthen thyself, and mark, and see what thou doest; for at the return of the year the king of Aram will come up against thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.748/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:712`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.21/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.23/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/)