--- title: 1 Kings 20:30 — But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell upon tw… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand men that were left. And Ben-hadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner chamber. Who acts: rest, wall, Ben hadad. 1 Kings 20:30 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / 20:30 # 1 Kings 20:30 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** rest, wall, Ben hadad · **What happens:** flee, fall, leave, come · **To what, where:** Aphek, city, twenty men This is 1 Kings 20:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — rest, wall, Ben hadad — and what happens in the verse to Aphek, city, twenty men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ הַנּוֹתָרִ֥ים ׀ אֲפֵקָה֮ אֶל־הָעִיר֒ וַתִּפֹּל֙ הַחוֹמָ֔ה עַל־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ הַנּוֹתָרִ֑ים וּבֶנ־הֲדַ֣דבֶנ־הֲדַ֣ד נָ֔ס וַיָּבֹ֥א אֶל־הָעִ֖יר חֶ֥דֶר בְּחָֽדֶר׃ס [But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand men that were left.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.757/) [And Ben-hadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner chamber.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.758/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:720 # text = וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ הַנּוֹתָרִ֥ים ׀ אֲפֵקָה֮ אֶל־הָעִיר֒ וַתִּפֹּל֙ הַחוֹמָ֔ה עַל־עֶשְׂרִ֨ים וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה אֶ֛לֶף אִ֖ישׁ הַנּוֹתָרִ֑ים וּבֶנ־הֲדַ֣דבֶנ־הֲדַ֣ד נָ֔ס וַיָּבֹ֥א אֶל־הָעִ֖יר חֶ֥דֶר בְּחָֽדֶר׃ס # verse = 1KI.20.30 1-2 וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:30!1|MId=o110200300011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּנֻ֨סוּ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.fled|Ref=1KI_20:30!1|MId=o110200300012|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:110200300022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַנּוֹתָרִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=[those|Ref=1KI_20:30!2|MId=o110200300021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 נּוֹתָרִ֥ים יָתַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=who].remained|Ref=1KI_20:30!2|MId=o110200300022|Strong=3498|Type=participle_active 5 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:30!2 6-7 אֲפֵקָה֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֲפֵק אֲפֵק PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:30!3|MId=o110200300031|Strong=0663 7 ָה֮ ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=Aphek|Ref=1KI_20:30!3|MId=o110200300032|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=1KI_20:30!4|MId=o110200300041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 הָעִיר֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:30!5|MId=o110200300051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 עִיר֒ עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1KI_20:30!5|MId=o110200300052|Strong=5892 11-12 וַתִּפֹּל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:30!6|MId=o110200300061|Strong=2050b 12 תִּפֹּל֙ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.fell|Ref=1KI_20:30!6|MId=o110200300062|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:110200300072;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 הַחוֹמָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:30!7|MId=o110200300071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 חוֹמָ֔ה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=wall|Ref=1KI_20:30!7|MId=o110200300072|Strong=2346 15 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=1KI_20:30!8|MId=o110200300081|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 16 עֶשְׂרִ֨ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 20 nummod _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=1KI_20:30!9|MId=o110200300091|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 17-18 וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:30!10|MId=o110200300101|Strong=2050b 18 שִׁבְעָ֥ה שֶׁבַע NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=seven|Ref=1KI_20:30!10|MId=o110200300102|Strong=7651|Type=cardinal_number 19 אֶ֛לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 16 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=1KI_20:30!11|MId=o110200300111|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 20 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=man|Ref=1KI_20:30!12|MId=o110200300121|Strong=0376 21-22 הַנּוֹתָרִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 22 det _ Gloss=[who]|Ref=1KI_20:30!13|MId=o110200300131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 22 נּוֹתָרִ֑ים יָתַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 20 appos _ Gloss=remained|Ref=1KI_20:30!13|MId=o110200300132|Strong=3498|Frame=A1:110200300121;|Type=participle_active 23-25 וּבֶנ־הֲדַ֣דבֶנ־הֲדַ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:30!14|MId=o110200300141|Strong=2050b 24 בֶנ־הֲדַ֣ד בֶּן־הֲדַד PROPN _ _ 26 dep _ Gloss=Ben|Ref=1KI_20:30!14|MId=o110200300142 25 בֶנ־הֲדַ֣ד בֶּןהֲדַד PROPN _ _ 26 dep _ Gloss=Hadad|Ref=1KI_20:30!15|MId=o110200300151 26 נָ֔ס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.fled|Ref=1KI_20:30!16|MId=o110200300161|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:110200300142;|Type=qatal 27-28 וַיָּבֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:30!17|MId=o110200300171|Strong=2050b 28 יָּבֹ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=1KI_20:30!17|MId=o110200300172|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:110200300142;|Type=wayyiqtol 29 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=into|Ref=1KI_20:30!18|MId=o110200300181|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 הָעִ֖יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:30!19|MId=o110200300191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 עִ֖יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1KI_20:30!19|MId=o110200300192|Strong=5892 32 חֶ֥דֶר חֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=a.room|Ref=1KI_20:30!20|MId=o110200300201|Strong=2315 33-34 בְּחָֽדֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_20:30!21|MId=o110200300211|Strong=0871a 34 חָֽדֶר חֶדֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 nmod _ Gloss=a.room|Ref=1KI_20:30!21|MId=o110200300212|Strong=2315 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:30!21|SpaceAfter=No 36 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:30!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּנֻסוּ *they fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | נּוֹתָרִים *who\] remained* | | | | | תִּפֹּל *it fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | חוֹמָה *wall* | | | | | נּוֹתָרִים *remained* | participle active · niphal | | אִישׁ *man* | | | | נָס *he fled* | qatal · qal | בֶנ־הֲדַד *Ben* | | | | | יָּבֹא *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | בֶנ־הֲדַד *Ben* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַפָּכוּ דְאִשְׁתַּאֲרוּ לַאֲפֵק לְקַרְתָּא וּנְפַל שׁוֹרָא עַל עַשְׂרִין וְשִׁבְעָה אַלְפִין גַבְרָא דְאִשְׁתַּאֲרוּ וּבַר הֲדַד עֲרַק וְעַל לְקַרְתָּא תָּוָן בְּגוֹ תָוָן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But the rest fled to Aphek, into the city; and the wall fell upon twenty and seven thousand men that were left.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.757/) 2. [And Ben-hadad fled, and came into the city, into an inner chamber.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.758/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:720`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.29/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.31/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/)