--- title: 1 Kings 20:42 — And he said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD: Because thou hast let go… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And he said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD: Because thou hast let go out of thy hand the man whom I had devoted to destruction, therefore thy life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.' Who acts: king, LORD, thou, I. 1 Kings 20:42 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / 20:42 # 1 Kings 20:42 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** king, LORD, thou, I, life · **What happens:** say, let, go out, devote, go · **To what, where:** hand, man, destruction · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 20:42 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, LORD, thou, I, life — and what happens in the verse to hand, man, destruction, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה יַ֛עַן שִׁלַּ֥חְתָּ אֶת־אִישׁ־חֶרְמִ֖י מִיָּ֑ד וְהָיְתָ֤ה נַפְשְׁךָ֙ תַּ֣חַת נַפְשׁ֔וֹ וְעַמְּךָ֖ תַּ֥חַת עַמּֽוֹ׃ [And he said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD: Because thou hast let go out of thy hand the man whom I had devoted to destruction, therefore thy life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.770/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:732 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה יַ֛עַן שִׁלַּ֥חְתָּ אֶת־אִישׁ־חֶרְמִ֖י מִיָּ֑ד וְהָיְתָ֤ה נַפְשְׁךָ֙ תַּ֣חַת נַפְשׁ֔וֹ וְעַמְּךָ֖ תַּ֥חַת עַמּֽוֹ׃ # verse = 1KI.20.42 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:42!1|MId=o110200420011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_20:42!1|MId=o110200420012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200380022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלָ֗יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלָ֗י אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:42!2|MId=o110200420021|Strong=0413 4 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_20:42!2|MId=o110200420022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 כֹּ֚ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=1KI_20:42!3|MId=o110200420031|Strong=3541 6 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=1KI_20:42!4|MId=o110200420041|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200420051;|Type=qatal 7 יְהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=1KI_20:42!5|MId=o110200420051|Strong=3068 8 יַ֛עַן יַעַן ADV _ _ 9 advmod _ Gloss=because|Ref=1KI_20:42!6|MId=o110200420061|Strong=3282 9 שִׁלַּ֥חְתָּ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 20 parataxis _ Gloss=you.have.let.go|Ref=1KI_20:42!7|MId=o110200420071|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:110200410101;A1:110200420091;|Type=qatal 10 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_20:42!8|MId=o110200420081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11 אִישׁ־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 obj _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=1KI_20:42!9|MId=o110200420091|Strong=0376|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 חֶרְמִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 חֶרְמ חֵרֶם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.total.destruction|Ref=1KI_20:42!10|MId=o110200420101|Strong=2764 13 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_20:42!10|MId=o110200420102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14-15 מִיָּ֑ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=1KI_20:42!11|MId=o110200420111|Strong=4480 15 יָּ֑ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=a.hand|Ref=1KI_20:42!11|MId=o110200420112|Strong=3027 16-17 וְהָיְתָ֤ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:42!12|MId=o110200420121|Strong=2050b 17 הָיְתָ֤ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 20 cop _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=1KI_20:42!12|MId=o110200420122|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:110200420131;|Type=qatal 18-19 נַפְשְׁךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=life|Ref=1KI_20:42!13|MId=o110200420131|Strong=5315 19 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:42!13|MId=o110200420132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 20 תַּ֣חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 6 ccomp _ Gloss=in.place.of|Ref=1KI_20:42!14|MId=o110200420141|Strong=8478 21-22 נַפְשׁ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 נַפְשׁ נֶפֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=life|Ref=1KI_20:42!15|MId=o110200420151|Strong=5315 22 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_20:42!15|MId=o110200420152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 23-25 וְעַמְּךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:42!16|MId=o110200420161|Strong=2050b 24 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 conj _ Gloss=people|Ref=1KI_20:42!16|MId=o110200420162|Strong=5971 25 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:42!16|MId=o110200420163|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 26 תַּ֥חַת תַּחַת NOUN _ _ 24 obl _ Gloss=in.place.of|Ref=1KI_20:42!17|MId=o110200420171|Strong=8478 27-28 עַמּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 עַמּ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=1KI_20:42!18|MId=o110200420181|Strong=5971 28 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_20:42!18|MId=o110200420182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:42!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | | | | | שִׁלַּחְתָּ *you have let go* | qatal · piel | | אִישׁ־ *the man* | | | | הָיְתָה *it will be* | qatal · qal | נַפְשׁ *life* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ כִּדְנַן אֲמַר יְיָ חֲלַף דְשֵׁיזֵיבְתָּא יַת גְבַר דְחַיָב קְטוֹל מִיָד וּתְהֵי נַפְשָׁךְ חֲלַף נַפְשֵׁיהּ וְעַמָךְ חֲלַף עַמֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And he said unto him: 'Thus saith the LORD: Because thou hast let go out of thy hand the man whom I had devoted to destruction, therefore thy life shall go for his life, and thy people for his people.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.770/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:732`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.41/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.43/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/)