--- title: 1 Kings 20:5 — And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, s… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying: I sent indeed unto thee, saying: Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children; Who acts: messengers, I, Thou. 1 Kings 20:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and t --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / 20:5 # 1 Kings 20:5 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** messengers, I, Thou · **What happens:** come, say, speak, send, deliver · **To what, where:** Ben, silver, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 20:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — messengers, I, Thou — and what happens in the verse to Ben, silver, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֥ר בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּֽי־שָׁלַ֤חְתִּי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר כַּסְפְּךָ֧ וּזְהָבְךָ֛ וְנָשֶׁ֥יךָ וּבָנֶ֖יךָ לִ֥י תִתֵּֽן׃ [And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying: I sent indeed unto thee, saying: Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.730/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:695 # text = וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ כֹּֽה־אָמַ֥ר בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר כִּֽי־שָׁלַ֤חְתִּי אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר כַּסְפְּךָ֧ וּזְהָבְךָ֛ וְנָשֶׁ֥יךָ וּבָנֶ֖יךָ לִ֥י תִתֵּֽן׃ # verse = 1KI.20.5 1-2 וַיָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:5!1|MId=o110200050011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּשֻׁ֙בוּ֙ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.returned|Ref=1KI_20:5!1|MId=o110200050012|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:110200050022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:5!2|MId=o110200050021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מַּלְאָכִ֔ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=1KI_20:5!2|MId=o110200050022|Strong=4397 5-6 וַיֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:5!3|MId=o110200050031|Strong=2050b 6 יֹּ֣אמְר֔וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=1KI_20:5!3|MId=o110200050032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200050022;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 כֹּֽה־ כֹּה ADV _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=1KI_20:5!4|MId=o110200050041|Strong=3541|SpaceAfter=No 8 אָמַ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 6 ccomp _ Gloss=he.says|Ref=1KI_20:5!5|MId=o110200050051|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200050061;|Type=qatal 9-10 בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖דבֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד בֶּן־הֲדַד PROPN _ _ 8 dep _ Gloss=Ben|Ref=1KI_20:5!6|MId=o110200050061 10 בֶּנ־הֲדַ֖ד בֶּןהֲדַד PROPN _ _ 8 dep _ Gloss=Hadad|Ref=1KI_20:5!7|MId=o110200050071 11-12 לֵאמֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 14 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_20:5!8|MId=o110200050081|Strong=3807a 12 אמֹ֑ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_20:5!8|MId=o110200050082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200050061;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_20:5!9|MId=o110200050091|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 14 שָׁלַ֤חְתִּי שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 8 ccomp _ Gloss=I.sent|Ref=1KI_20:5!10|MId=o110200050101|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:110200050061;|Type=qatal 15-16 אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֵלֶ֙י אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:5!11|MId=o110200050111|Strong=0413 16 ךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_20:5!11|MId=o110200050112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17-18 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 32 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_20:5!12|MId=o110200050121|Strong=3807a 18 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_20:5!12|MId=o110200050122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200050061;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 כַּסְפְּךָ֧ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 כַּסְפּ כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 32 obj _ Gloss=silver|Ref=1KI_20:5!13|MId=o110200050131|Strong=3701 20 ְךָ֧ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:5!13|MId=o110200050132|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21-23 וּזְהָבְךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:5!14|MId=o110200050141|Strong=2050b 22 זְהָב זָהָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 conj _ Gloss=gold|Ref=1KI_20:5!14|MId=o110200050142|Strong=2091 23 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:5!14|MId=o110200050143|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 24-26 וְנָשֶׁ֥יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:5!15|MId=o110200050151|Strong=2050b 25 נָשֶׁ֥י אִשָּׁה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=wives|Ref=1KI_20:5!15|MId=o110200050152|Strong=0802 26 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:5!15|MId=o110200050153|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27-29 וּבָנֶ֖יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:5!16|MId=o110200050161|Strong=2050b 28 בָנֶ֖י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 19 conj _ Gloss=children|Ref=1KI_20:5!16|MId=o110200050162|Strong=1121 29 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:5!16|MId=o110200050163|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 לִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:5!17|MId=o110200050171|Strong=3807a 31 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=1KI_20:5!17|MId=o110200050172|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 32 תִתֵּֽן נָתַן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 14 advcl _ Gloss=you.will.give|Ref=1KI_20:5!18|MId=o110200050181|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110200040021;A1:110200050121;110200050132;110200050142;110200050152;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:5!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּשֻׁבוּ *they returned* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַּלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | | יֹּאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַּלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | | אָמַר *he says* | qatal · qal | בֶּנ־הֲדַד *Ben* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | בֶּנ־הֲדַד *Ben* | | | | | שָׁלַחְתִּי *I sent* | qatal · qal | בֶּנ־הֲדַד *Ben* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | בֶּנ־הֲדַד *Ben* | | | | | תִתֵּֽן *you will give* | yiqtol · qal | | לֵ *(cmp)* + ְךָ *your* + זְהָב *gold* + נָשֶׁי *wives* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְתָבוּ אִזְגַדַיָא וַאֲמַרוּ כִּדְנַן אֲמַר בַּר הֲדַד לְמֵימַר אֲרֵי שְׁלָחִית לְוָתָךְ לְמֵימַר כַּסְפָּךְ וְדַהֲבָךְ וּנְשָׁךְ וּבְנָךְ לִי תִתֵּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the messengers came again, and said: 'Thus speaketh Ben-hadad, saying: I sent indeed unto thee, saying: Thou shalt deliver me thy silver, and thy gold, and thy wives, and thy children;](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.730/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:695`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.4/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.6/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/)