--- title: 1 Kings 20:9 — Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord th… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord the king: All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do; but this thing I may not do.' And the messengers departed, and brought him back word. Who acts: king, thou, I, messengers. 1 Kings 20:9 in Hebrew with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/) / 20:9 # 1 Kings 20:9 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** king, thou, I, messengers · **What happens:** say, tell, send, do, not do, depart · **To what, where:** lord, first, All, thing, word, king · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 20:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, thou, I, messengers — and what happens in the verse to lord, first, All, thing, word, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֜אמֶר לְמַלְאֲכֵ֣י בֶנ־הֲדַ֗דבֶנ־הֲדַ֗ד אִמְר֞וּ לַֽאדֹנִ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֨חְתָּ אֶל־עַבְדְּךָ֤ בָרִֽאשֹׁנָה֙ אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה וְהַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה לֹ֥א אוּכַ֖ל לַעֲשׂ֑וֹת וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וַיְשִׁבֻ֖הוּ דָּבָֽר׃ [Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord the king: All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do; but this thing I may not do.' And the messengers departed, and brought him back word.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.734/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:699 # text = וַיֹּ֜אמֶר לְמַלְאֲכֵ֣י בֶנ־הֲדַ֗דבֶנ־הֲדַ֗ד אִמְר֞וּ לַֽאדֹנִ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ כֹּל֩ אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֨חְתָּ אֶל־עַבְדְּךָ֤ בָרִֽאשֹׁנָה֙ אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה וְהַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה לֹ֥א אוּכַ֖ל לַעֲשׂ֑וֹת וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים וַיְשִׁבֻ֖הוּ דָּבָֽר׃ # verse = 1KI.20.9 1-2 וַיֹּ֜אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:9!1|MId=o110200090011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֜אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=1KI_20:9!1|MId=o110200090012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200070021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לְמַלְאֲכֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:9!2|MId=o110200090021|Strong=3807a 4 מַלְאֲכֵ֣י מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=the.messengers|Ref=1KI_20:9!2|MId=o110200090022|Strong=4397 5-6 בֶנ־הֲדַ֗דבֶנ־הֲדַ֗ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בֶנ־הֲדַ֗ד בֶּן־הֲדַד PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=1KI_20:9!3|MId=o110200090031 6 בֶנ־הֲדַ֗ד בֶּןהֲדַד PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Ben.Hadad|Ref=1KI_20:9!4|MId=o110200090041 7 אִמְר֞וּ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=say|Ref=1KI_20:9!5|MId=o110200090051|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110200090022;|Type=imperative 8-10 לַֽאדֹנִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:9!6|MId=o110200090061|Strong=3807a 9 אדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=lord|Ref=1KI_20:9!6|MId=o110200090062|Strong=0113 10 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=1KI_20:9!6|MId=o110200090063|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 11-12 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:9!7|MId=o110200090071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=1KI_20:9!7|MId=o110200090072|Strong=4428 13 כֹּל֩ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=1KI_20:9!8|MId=o110200090081|Strong=3605 14 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=that|Ref=1KI_20:9!9|MId=o110200090091|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 15 שָׁלַ֨חְתָּ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 acl:relcl _ Gloss=you.sent|Ref=1KI_20:9!10|MId=o110200090101|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:110200090052;A1:110200090071;|Type=qatal 16 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:9!11|MId=o110200090111|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 עַבְדְּךָ֤ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=1KI_20:9!12|MId=o110200090121|Strong=5650 18 ְךָ֤ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=1KI_20:9!12|MId=o110200090122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19-21 בָרִֽאשֹׁנָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=1KI_20:9!13|MId=o110200090131|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:9!13|MId=o110200090131ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 רִֽאשֹׁנָה֙ רִאשׁוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=first|Ref=1KI_20:9!13|MId=o110200090132|Strong=7223|Type=adjective 22 אֶעֱשֶׂ֔ה עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 7 ccomp _ Gloss=I.will.do|Ref=1KI_20:9!14|MId=o110200090141|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110200090111;A1:110200090071;|Type=yiqtol 23-25 וְהַדָּבָ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:9!15|MId=o110200090151|Strong=2050b 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:9!15|MId=o110200090152|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 דָּבָ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 obj _ Gloss=thing|Ref=1KI_20:9!15|MId=o110200090153|Strong=1697 26-27 הַזֶּ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=1KI_20:9!16|MId=o110200090161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 זֶּ֔ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=1KI_20:9!16|MId=o110200090162|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 28 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 29 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_20:9!17|MId=o110200090171|Strong=3808|Type=negative 29 אוּכַ֖ל יָכֹל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 22 conj _ Gloss=I.am.able|Ref=1KI_20:9!18|MId=o110200090181|Strong=3201|Frame=A0:110200090111;|Type=yiqtol 30-31 לַעֲשׂ֑וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_20:9!19|MId=o110200090191|Strong=3807a 31 עֲשׂ֑וֹת עָשָׂה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 xcomp _ Gloss=do|Ref=1KI_20:9!19|MId=o110200090192|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110200090111;A1:110200090143;|Type=infinitive_construct 32-33 וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:9!20|MId=o110200090201|Strong=2050b 33 יֵּֽלְכוּ֙ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=1KI_20:9!20|MId=o110200090202|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:110200090202;|Type=wayyiqtol 34-35 הַמַּלְאָכִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_20:9!21|MId=o110200090211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 מַּלְאָכִ֔ים מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 33 nsubj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=1KI_20:9!21|MId=o110200090212|Strong=4397 36-38 וַיְשִׁבֻ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 37 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_20:9!22|MId=o110200090221|Strong=2050b 37 יְשִׁבֻ֖ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they|Ref=1KI_20:9!22|MId=o110200090222|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:110200090202;A0:110200090213;A1:110200090221;|Type=wayyiqtol 38 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ Gloss=brought.him.back|Ref=1KI_20:9!22|MId=o110200090223|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 39 דָּבָֽר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 xcomp _ Gloss=word|Ref=1KI_20:9!23|MId=o110200090231|Strong=1697|SpaceAfter=No 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=1KI_20:9!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | אִמְרוּ *say* | imperative · qal | מַלְאֲכֵי *the messengers* | | | | | שָׁלַחְתָּ *you sent* | qatal · qal | | הַ *the* | | | | אֶעֱשֶׂה *I will do* | yiqtol · qal | אֶל־ *to* | הַ *the* | | | | **not** אוּכַל *I am able* | yiqtol · qal | אֶל־ *to* | | | | | עֲשׂוֹת *do* | infinitive construct · qal | אֶל־ *to* | | | | | יֵּֽלְכוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | יֵּֽלְכוּ *they went* | | | | | יְשִׁבֻ *they* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | וַ *and* | | יֵּֽלְכוּ *they went* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְאִזְגַדֵי בַּר הֲדַד אֱמַרוּ לְרִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא כָּל דִי שְׁלַחְתָּא לְעַבְדָךְ בְּקַדְמֵיתָא אַעְבֵּיד וּפִתְגָמָא הָדֵין לָא אִיכּוּל לְמֶעְבַּד וַאֲזָלוּ אִזְגַדַיָא וַאֲתִיבוֹהִי פִתְגָמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Wherefore he said unto the messengers of Ben-hadad: 'Tell my lord the king: All that thou didst send for to thy servant at the first I will do; but this thing I may not do.' And the messengers departed, and brought him back word.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.734/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:699`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 20:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.8/) - next →: [1 Kings 20:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.20.10/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/20/)