--- title: 1 Kings 21:10 — and set two men, base fellows, before him, and let them bear witness… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and set two men, base fellows, before him, and let them bear witness against him, saying: Thou didst curse God and the king. And then carry him out, and stone him, that he die.' Who acts: men, Thou, you, Naboth. 1 Kings 21:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/) / 21:10 # 1 Kings 21:10 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** men, Thou, you, Naboth · **What happens:** set, let, bear, say, curse, carry out · **To what, where:** two men, men, witness, God, Naboth · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 21:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, Thou, you, Naboth — and what happens in the verse to two men, men, witness, God, Naboth, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְ֠הוֹשִׁיבוּ שְׁנַ֨יִם אֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וִיעִדֻ֣הוּ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥כְתָּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וְהוֹצִיאֻ֥הוּ וְסִקְלֻ֖הוּ וְיָמֹֽת׃ [and set two men, base fellows, before him, and let them bear witness against him, saying: Thou didst curse God and the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.781/) [And then carry him out, and stone him, that he die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.782/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:743 # text = וְ֠הוֹשִׁיבוּ שְׁנַ֨יִם אֲנָשִׁ֥ים בְּנֵֽי־בְלִיַּעַל֮ נֶגְדּוֹ֒ וִיעִדֻ֣הוּ לֵאמֹ֔ר בֵּרַ֥כְתָּ אֱלֹהִ֖ים וָמֶ֑לֶךְ וְהוֹצִיאֻ֥הוּ וְסִקְלֻ֖הוּ וְיָמֹֽת׃ # verse = 1KI.21.10 1-2 וְ֠הוֹשִׁיבוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ֠ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:10!1|MId=o110210100011|Strong=2050b 2 הוֹשִׁיבוּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 0 root _ Gloss=make.sit|Ref=1KI_21:10!1|MId=o110210100012|Strong=3427|Frame=AA:110210080112;110210080132;A0:110210100031;|Type=imperative 3 שְׁנַ֨יִם שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 4 nummod _ Gloss=two|Ref=1KI_21:10!2|MId=o110210100021|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number 4 אֲנָשִׁ֥ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obj _ Gloss=men|Ref=1KI_21:10!3|MId=o110210100031|Strong=0376 5 בְּנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 appos _ Gloss=sons|Ref=1KI_21:10!4|MId=o110210100041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 6 בְלִיַּעַל֮ בְּלִיַּעַל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.worthlessness|Ref=1KI_21:10!5|MId=o110210100051|Strong=1100 7-8 נֶגְדּוֹ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 נֶגְדּ נֶגֶד NOUN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=1KI_21:10!6|MId=o110210100061|Strong=5048 8 וֹ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_21:10!6|MId=o110210100062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-11 וִיעִדֻ֣הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:10!7|MId=o110210100071|Strong=2050b 10 יעִדֻ֣ עוּד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=let|Ref=1KI_21:10!7|MId=o110210100072|Strong=5749a|Frame=AA:110210100031;A0:110210100073;|Type=jussive 11 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ Gloss=them.testify.against.him|Ref=1KI_21:10!7|MId=o110210100073|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 12-13 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 14 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=1KI_21:10!8|MId=o110210100081|Strong=3807a 13 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 12 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=1KI_21:10!8|MId=o110210100082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110210100031;|Type=infinitive_construct 14 בֵּרַ֥כְתָּ בָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=2 10 advcl _ Gloss=you.have.blessed|Ref=1KI_21:10!9|MId=o110210100091|Strong=1288|Frame=A0:110210090081;A1:110210100101;110210100112;|Type=qatal 15 אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 obj _ Gloss=God|Ref=1KI_21:10!10|MId=o110210100101|Strong=0430 16-17 וָמֶ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and.[the]|Ref=1KI_21:10!11|MId=o110210100111|Strong=2050b 17 מֶ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 conj _ Gloss=king|Ref=1KI_21:10!11|MId=o110210100112|Strong=4428 18-20 וְהוֹצִיאֻ֥הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:10!12|MId=o110210100121|Strong=2050b 19 הוֹצִיאֻ֥ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=take|Ref=1KI_21:10!12|MId=o110210100122|Strong=3318|Frame=AA:110210080112;110210080132;A0:110210100123;|Type=imperative 20 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=him.out|Ref=1KI_21:10!12|MId=o110210100123|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 21-23 וְסִקְלֻ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:10!13|MId=o110210100131|Strong=2050b 22 סִקְלֻ֖ סָקַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=stone|Ref=1KI_21:10!13|MId=o110210100132|Strong=5619|Frame=A0:110210080112;110210080132;A1:110210100133;|Type=imperative 23 הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=1KI_21:10!13|MId=o110210100133|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְיָמֹֽת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=1KI_21:10!14|MId=o110210100141|Strong=2050b 25 יָמֹֽת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=that.he.may.die|Ref=1KI_21:10!14|MId=o110210100142|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:110210090081;|Type=jussive 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:10!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הוֹשִׁיבוּ *make sit* | imperative · hiphil | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יעִדֻ *let* | jussive · hiphil | הוּ *them testify against him* | | | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | בֵּרַכְתָּ *you have blessed* | qatal · piel | | אֱלֹהִים *God* + מֶלֶךְ *king* | | | | הוֹצִיאֻ *take* | imperative · hiphil | הוּ *him out* | | | | | סִקְלֻ *stone* | imperative · qal | | הוּ *him* | | | | יָמֹֽת *that he may die* | jussive · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאוֹתִיבוּ תְּרֵין גַבְרִין בְּנֵי רִשְׁעָא לְקִבְּלֵיהּ וְיִסְהֲדוּנֵיהּ לְמֵימַר גַדֵיפְתָּא קֳדָם יְיָ וּמַלְכָּא לַטְתָּא וְאַפְקוּהִי וְרַגְמוּהִי וְיִתְקְטַל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and set two men, base fellows, before him, and let them bear witness against him, saying: Thou didst curse God and the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.781/) 2. [And then carry him out, and stone him, that he die.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.782/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:743`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 21:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.9/) - next →: [1 Kings 21:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.11/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/)