--- title: 1 Kings 21:11 — And the men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who dwelt in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who dwelt in his city, did as Jezebel had sent unto them, according as it was written in the letters which she had sent unto them. Who acts: nobles, Jezebel, heart. 1 Kings 21:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/) / 21:11 # 1 Kings 21:11 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** nobles, Jezebel, heart · **What happens:** dwell, send, accord, write · **To what, where:** city, letters This is 1 Kings 21:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — nobles, Jezebel, heart — and what happens in the verse to city, letters, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעֲשׂוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י עִיר֜וֹ הַזְּקֵנִ֣ים וְהַחֹרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ בְּעִיר֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר שָׁלְחָ֥ה אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם אִיזָ֑בֶל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּתוּב֙ בַּסְּפָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלְחָ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ [And the men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who dwelt in his city, did as Jezebel had sent unto them, according as it was written in the letters which she had sent unto them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.783/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:744 # text = וַיַּעֲשׂוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁ֨י עִיר֜וֹ הַזְּקֵנִ֣ים וְהַחֹרִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ בְּעִיר֔וֹ כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר שָׁלְחָ֥ה אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם אִיזָ֑בֶל כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר כָּתוּב֙ בַּסְּפָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁלְחָ֖ה אֲלֵיהֶֽם׃ # verse = 1KI.21.11 1-2 וַיַּעֲשׂוּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:11!1|MId=o110210110011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעֲשׂוּ֩ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.did|Ref=1KI_21:11!1|MId=o110210110012|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:110210110021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַנְשֵׁ֨י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=1KI_21:11!2|MId=o110210110021|Strong=0376 4-5 עִיר֜וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.city|Ref=1KI_21:11!3|MId=o110210110031|Strong=5892 5 ֜וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_21:11!3|MId=o110210110032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 הַזְּקֵנִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_21:11!4|MId=o110210110041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 זְּקֵנִ֣ים זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 3 appos _ Gloss=elders|Ref=1KI_21:11!4|MId=o110210110042|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 8-10 וְהַחֹרִ֗ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:11!5|MId=o110210110051|Strong=2050b 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_21:11!5|MId=o110210110052|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 חֹרִ֗ים חֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 conj _ Gloss=nobles|Ref=1KI_21:11!5|MId=o110210110053|Strong=2715 11 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=1KI_21:11!6|MId=o110210110061|Strong=0834|Type=relative 12-13 הַיֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=[were|Ref=1KI_21:11!7|MId=o110210110071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 יֹּֽשְׁבִים֙ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=those.who.were].dwelling|Ref=1KI_21:11!7|MId=o110210110072|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:110210110042;110210110053;|Type=participle_active 14-16 בְּעִיר֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_21:11!8|MId=o110210110081|Strong=0871a 15 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=1KI_21:11!8|MId=o110210110082|Strong=5892 16 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=1KI_21:11!8|MId=o110210110083|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 כַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=just|Ref=1KI_21:11!9|MId=o110210110091|Strong=3509a 18 אֲשֶׁ֛ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 19 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=1KI_21:11!9|MId=o110210110092|Strong=0834|Type=relative 19 שָׁלְחָ֥ה שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 acl:relcl _ Gloss=she.had.sent|Ref=1KI_21:11!10|MId=o110210110101|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:110210110121;|Type=qatal 20-21 אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:11!11|MId=o110210110111|Strong=0413 21 הֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1KI_21:11!11|MId=o110210110112|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22 אִיזָ֑בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 19 nsubj _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_21:11!12|MId=o110210110121|Strong=0348 23-24 כַּאֲשֶׁ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 17 nmod _ Gloss=just|Ref=1KI_21:11!13|MId=o110210110131|Strong=3509a 24 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=1KI_21:11!13|MId=o110210110132|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 כָּתוּב֙ כָּתַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[it.had.been].written|Ref=1KI_21:11!14|MId=o110210110141|Strong=3789|Frame=A1:110210110101;|Type=participle_passive 26-28 בַּסְּפָרִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=1KI_21:11!15|MId=o110210110151|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_21:11!15|MId=o110210110151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 סְּפָרִ֔ים סֵפֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=letters|Ref=1KI_21:11!15|MId=o110210110152|Strong=5612 29 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 30 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1KI_21:11!16|MId=o110210110161|Strong=0834|Type=relative 30 שָׁלְחָ֖ה שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 28 acl:relcl _ Gloss=she.had.sent|Ref=1KI_21:11!17|MId=o110210110171|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:110210110121;A1:110210110153;|Type=qatal 31-32 אֲלֵיהֶֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:11!18|MId=o110210110181|Strong=0413 32 הֶֽם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=1KI_21:11!18|MId=o110210110182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:11!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעֲשׂוּ *they did* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַנְשֵׁי *the people* | | | | | יֹּֽשְׁבִים *those who were\] dwelling* | participle active · qal | זְּקֵנִים *elders* + חֹרִים *nobles* | | | | | שָׁלְחָה *she had sent* | qatal · qal | אִיזָבֶל *Jezebel* | | | | | כָּתוּב *\[it had been\] written* | participle passive · qal | | שָׁלְחָה *she had sent* | | | | שָׁלְחָה *she had sent* | qatal · qal | אִיזָבֶל *Jezebel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַעֲבַדוּ אֱנָשֵׁי קַרְתֵּיהּ סָבַיָא וְתוּרְבְּיָנֵי דְיַתְבִין בְּקַרְתֵּיהּ כְּמָא דִשְׁלָחַת לְוַתְהוֹן אִיזֶבֶל כְּמָא דִכְתָבַת בְּאִגַרְתָּא דִשְׁלָחַת לְהוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who dwelt in his city, did as Jezebel had sent unto them, according as it was written in the letters which she had sent unto them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.783/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:744`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 21:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.10/) - next →: [1 Kings 21:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.12/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/)