--- title: 1 Kings 21:15 — And it came to pass, when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and was dead, that Jezebel said to Ahab: 'Arise, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, which he refused to give thee for money; for Naboth is not alive, but dead.' Who acts: Jezebel, Naboth. 1 Kings 21:15 in Hebrew w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [1 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/) / 21:15 # 1 Kings 21:15 מְלָכִים א **Who acts:** Jezebel, Naboth · **What happens:** come, pass, hear, stone, be, say · **To what, where:** city, Naboth, Ahab, possession, vineyard, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 1 Kings 21:15 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jezebel, Naboth — and what happens in the verse to city, Naboth, Ahab, possession, vineyard, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 22 chapters of 1 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיְהִי֙ כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ אִיזֶ֔בֶל כִּֽי־סֻקַּ֥ל נָב֖וֹת וַיָּמֹ֑ת וַתֹּ֨אמֶר אִיזֶ֜בֶל אֶל־אַחְאָ֗ב ק֣וּם רֵ֞שׁ אֶת־כֶּ֣רֶם ׀ נָב֣וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֤ר מֵאֵן֙ לָתֶת־לְךָ֣ בְכֶ֔סֶף כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נָב֛וֹת חַ֖י כִּי־מֵֽת׃ [And it came to pass, when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and was dead, that Jezebel said to Ahab: 'Arise, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, which he refused to give thee for money; for Naboth is not alive, but dead.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.787/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:1KI:748 # text = וַֽיְהִי֙ כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ אִיזֶ֔בֶל כִּֽי־סֻקַּ֥ל נָב֖וֹת וַיָּמֹ֑ת וַתֹּ֨אמֶר אִיזֶ֜בֶל אֶל־אַחְאָ֗ב ק֣וּם רֵ֞שׁ אֶת־כֶּ֣רֶם ׀ נָב֣וֹת הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֗י אֲשֶׁ֤ר מֵאֵן֙ לָתֶת־לְךָ֣ בְכֶ֔סֶף כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין נָב֛וֹת חַ֖י כִּי־מֵֽת׃ # verse = 1KI.21.15 1-2 וַֽיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:15!1|MId=o110210150011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=1KI_21:15!1|MId=o110210150012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 כִּשְׁמֹ֣עַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=just|Ref=1KI_21:15!2|MId=o110210150021|Strong=3509a 4 שְׁמֹ֣עַ שָׁמַע VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=as.heard|Ref=1KI_21:15!2|MId=o110210150022|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:110210150031;A1:110210150051;110210150072;|Type=infinitive_construct 5 אִיזֶ֔בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 4 nsubj _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_21:15!3|MId=o110210150031|Strong=0348 6 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 7 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=1KI_21:15!4|MId=o110210150041|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 7 סֻקַּ֥ל סָקַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PUAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 ccomp _ Gloss=he.had.been.stoned|Ref=1KI_21:15!5|MId=o110210150051|Strong=5619|Frame=A1:110210150061;|Type=qatal 8 נָב֖וֹת נָבוֹת PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Naboth|Ref=1KI_21:15!6|MId=o110210150061|Strong=5022 9-10 וַיָּמֹ֑ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:15!7|MId=o110210150071|Strong=2050b 10 יָּמֹ֑ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.had.died|Ref=1KI_21:15!7|MId=o110210150072|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:110210150061;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 וַתֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=1KI_21:15!8|MId=o110210150081|Strong=2050b 12 תֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=she.said|Ref=1KI_21:15!8|MId=o110210150082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:110210150091;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 אִיזֶ֜בֶל אִיזֶבֶל PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Jezebel|Ref=1KI_21:15!9|MId=o110210150091|Strong=0348 14 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:15!10|MId=o110210150101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 15 אַחְאָ֗ב אַחְאָב PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Ahab|Ref=1KI_21:15!11|MId=o110210150111|Strong=0256 16 ק֣וּם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 ccomp _ Gloss=arise|Ref=1KI_21:15!12|MId=o110210150121|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:110210150111;|Type=imperative 17 רֵ֞שׁ יָרַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 16 parataxis _ Gloss=take.possession.of|Ref=1KI_21:15!13|MId=o110210150131|Strong=3423|Frame=A0:110210150111;A1:110210150151;|Type=imperative 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 19 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=1KI_21:15!14|MId=o110210150141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19 כֶּ֣רֶם כֶּרֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=the.vineyard|Ref=1KI_21:15!15|MId=o110210150151|Strong=3754 20 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:15!15 21 נָב֣וֹת נָבוֹת PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Naboth|Ref=1KI_21:15!16|MId=o110210150161|Strong=5022 22-23 הַיִּזְרְעֵאלִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=1KI_21:15!17|MId=o110210150171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 יִּזְרְעֵאלִ֗י יִזְרְעֵאלִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 appos _ Gloss=Jezreelite|Ref=1KI_21:15!17|MId=o110210150172|Strong=3158|Type=gentilic 24 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=1KI_21:15!18|MId=o110210150181|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 מֵאֵן֙ מָאֵן VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.refused|Ref=1KI_21:15!19|MId=o110210150191|Strong=3985|Frame=A0:110210150161;|Type=qatal 26-27 לָתֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:15!20|MId=o110210150201|Strong=3807a 27 תֶת־ נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 25 xcomp _ Gloss=give|Ref=1KI_21:15!20|MId=o110210150202|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:110210150161;A1:110210150151;|Type=infinitive_construct 28-29 לְךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 ל לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=1KI_21:15!21|MId=o110210150211|Strong=3807a 29 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=1KI_21:15!21|MId=o110210150212|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 30-31 בְכֶ֔סֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=1KI_21:15!22|MId=o110210150221|Strong=0871a 31 כֶ֔סֶף כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 obl _ Gloss=money|Ref=1KI_21:15!22|MId=o110210150222|Strong=3701 32 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_21:15!23|MId=o110210150231|Strong=3588 33 אֵ֥ין אַיִן ADV _ _ 35 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=1KI_21:15!24|MId=o110210150241|Strong=0369|Type=negative 34 נָב֛וֹת נָבוֹת PROPN _ _ 35 nsubj _ Gloss=Naboth|Ref=1KI_21:15!25|MId=o110210150251|Strong=5022 35 חַ֖י חַי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 advcl _ Gloss=[is].alive|Ref=1KI_21:15!26|MId=o110210150261|Strong=2416|Type=adjective 36 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 37 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=1KI_21:15!27|MId=o110210150271|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 37 מֵֽת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 advcl _ Gloss=he.has.died|Ref=1KI_21:15!28|MId=o110210150281|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:110210150251;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=1KI_21:15!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | שְׁמֹעַ *as heard* | infinitive construct · qal | אִיזֶבֶל *Jezebel* | סֻקַּל *he had been stoned* + יָּמֹת *he had died* | | | | סֻקַּל *he had been stoned* | qatal · pual | | נָבוֹת *Naboth* | | | | יָּמֹת *he had died* | wayyiqtol · qal | נָבוֹת *Naboth* | | | | | תֹּאמֶר *she said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִיזֶבֶל *Jezebel* | | | | | קוּם *arise* | imperative · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | | | | | רֵשׁ *take possession of* | imperative · qal | אַחְאָב *Ahab* | כֶּרֶם *the vineyard* | | | | מֵאֵן *he refused* | qatal · piel | נָבוֹת *of Naboth* | | | | | תֶת־ *give* | infinitive construct · qal | נָבוֹת *of Naboth* | כֶּרֶם *the vineyard* | | | | מֵֽת *he has died* | qatal · qal | נָבוֹת *Naboth* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד שְׁמַעַת אִיזֶבֶל אֲרֵי אִתְרְגִים נְבוֹת וּמִית וַאֲמַרַת אִיזֶבֶל לְאַחְאָב קוּם אַחְסִין יַת כַּרְמָא דְנָבוֹת יִזְרְעֶאלָה דְלָא אֲבָא לְמִתַּן לָךְ בְּכַסְפָּא אֲרֵי לֵית נָבוֹת קַיָם אֱלָהֵין מִית: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, when Jezebel heard that Naboth was stoned, and was dead, that Jezebel said to Ahab: 'Arise, take possession of the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite, which he refused to give thee for money; for Naboth is not alive, but dead.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/1KI.787/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:1KI:748`. - ← previous: [1 Kings 21:14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.14/) - next →: [1 Kings 21:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI.21.16/) - ↑ back to [1 Kings 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/1KI/21/)